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Neuropathic pain is a common, debilitating chronic pain condition caused by damage or a disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain is critical for […]
Learn More >Opioids are powerful analgesics commonly used in pain management. However, opioids can induce complex neuroadaptations, including synaptic plasticity, that ultimately drive severe side effects, such as pain hypersensitivity and strong […]
Learn More >Nerve injury-induced maladaptive changes in gene expression in the spinal neurons are essential for neuropathic pain genesis. Circular RNAs (ciRNA) are emerging as key regulators of gene expression. Here, we […]
Learn More >Pain is the hallmark symptom of osteoarthritis (OA), and current analgesic treatments may be insufficient or have potentially adverse effects. The inhibition of Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) produces anti‑inflammatory and anti‑nociceptive […]
Learn More >Recent evidence suggests that interleukin (IL)-13 is a crucial cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). It is a central driver of type-2 T-helper inflammation and is overexpressed […]
Learn More >Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) provoked cluster headache attacks in individuals with episodic cluster headache during their active phase and individuals with chronic cluster headache. […]
Learn More >Chronic pain is long-lasting pain that often persists during chronic diseases or after recovery from disease or injury. It often causes serious side effects, such as insomnia, anxiety, or depression […]
Learn More >Morphine is a drug used in chronic pain such as diabetic neuropathy, but the development of tolerance to its antinociceptive effect is an important clinical problem. Aspirin is an analgesic […]
Learn More >Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease characterized by severe chronic joint pain, that imposes a large burden on elderly people. OA is a highly heterogeneous disease, and multiple etiologies contribute […]
Learn More >Endometriosis is a common disease of the female reproductive system and has malignant features. Although endometriosis by itself is a benign disease, its erosive growth characteristics lead to severe pelvic […]
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