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We developed an animal model of activity-induced muscle pain that is dependent on local macrophage activation and release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Activation of purinergic type 2X (P2X) 7 receptors recruits […]
Learn More >Previous studies show ATP-sensitive potassium (K) channel openers can reduce hypersensitivity associated with chronic pain models in rodents, and reduce morphine tolerance. Many agonists of K channels are not soluble […]
Learn More >Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by swelling in synovial joints and erosion of bones. The disease is normally treated with conventional drugs which provide only temporary relief to […]
Learn More >Astrocyte activation in the spinal dorsal horn may play an important role in the development of chronic neuropathic pain, but the mechanisms involved in astrocyte activation and their modulatory effects […]
Learn More >Itch associates several pathologies and is a common drug-induced side effect. Chloroquine (CQ) was reported to induce itch by activating the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor MrgprA3 and subsequently TRPA1. In […]
Learn More >Antidepressants, such as duloxetine and amitriptyline, are effective for treating patients with chronic neuropathic pain. Inhibiting norepinephrine and serotonin transporters at presynaptic terminals raises extracellular concentrations of norepinephrine. The α1- […]
Learn More >Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have demonstrated effectiveness for improving outcomes in chronic pain. These evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs) remain underutilized in […]
Learn More >The goal of this observational, open-label, cohort study was to determine whether prophylactic migraine treatment with galcanezumab, a peripherally acting drug, alters the incidence of premonitory symptoms, and/or occurrence of […]
Learn More >In a healthy state, pain plays an important role in natural biofeedback loops and helps to detect and prevent potentially harmful stimuli and situations. However, pain can become chronic and […]
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