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Transient depletion of macrophages alters local inflammatory response at the site of disc herniation in a transgenic mouse model.

Macrophages are abundantly detected at sites of disc herniation, however, their function in the disease progression is unclear. We aim to investigate the functions of macrophages in acute disc herniation […]

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The C. elegans Innexin INX-20 Regulates Nociceptive Behavioral Sensitivity.

Organisms rely on chemical cues in their environment to indicate the presence or absence of food, reproductive partners, predators or other harmful stimuli. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the bilaterally […]

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Photophobia and migraine outcome during treatment with galcanezumab.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays a pivotal role in migraine physiology, not only regarding migraine pain but also associated symptoms such as photophobia. The aim of the present study was […]

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The stress-induced antinociceptive responses to the persistent inflammatory pain involve the orexin receptors in the nucleus accumbens.

Stress suppresses the sense of pain, a physiological phenomenon known as stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Brain orexin peptides regulate many physiological functions, including wakefulness and nociception. The contribution of the orexinergic […]

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μ-opioid receptor agonist facilitates circulating tumor cell formation in bladder cancer via the MOR/AKT/Slug pathway: a comprehensive study including randomized controlled trial.

μ-opioid receptor agonists (MORAs) are indispensable for analgesia in bladder cancer (BC) patients, both during surgery and for chronic pain treatment. Whether MORAs affect BC progression and metastasis remains largely […]

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Greater occipital nerve blockade for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Greater occipital nerve blockade for the prevention of chronic migraine has a limited evidence base. A robust randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is needed.

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Intra- and interindividual attack frequency variability of chronic cluster headache.

The lack of knowledge about the intra- and interindividual attack frequency variability in chronic cluster headache complicates power and sample size calculations for baseline periods of trials, and consensus on […]

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Menopausal hormone therapy, oral contraceptives and risk of chronic low back pain: the HUNT Study.

There are indications that use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and oral contraceptives (OC) increases the risk of low back pain (LBP), with higher oestrogen levels involved in the underlying […]

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Effects of prenatal hypoxia-ischemia on male rat periaqueductal gray matter: Hyperalgesia, astrogliosis and nitrergic system impairment.

Prenatal hypoxic-ischemic insult (HI) may lead to a variety of neurological consequences that may persist throughout adulthood. In the most severe cases, HI is known to increase pain sensitivity which […]

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TLR4 signaling pathway in sensory neurons mediates remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via TRPA1.

Remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia (RIH) refers to a state of hyperalgesia or aggravated pre-existing pain after remifentanil exposure. There has been considerable interest in understanding and preventing RIH. However, the mechanisms […]

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