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Ingestion of alcoholic beverages is a known trigger of migraine attacks. However, whether and how ethanol exerts its pro-migraine action remains poorly known. Ethanol stimulates the transient receptor potential vanilloid […]
Learn More >Pain is a key non-motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that significantly impacts on life quality. The mechanisms underlying chronic pain in PD are poorly understood, hence the lack of […]
Learn More >The Sigma 2 receptor (σ R) was described pharmacologically more than three decades ago, but its molecular identity remained obscure until recently when it was identified as transmembrane protein 97 […]
Learn More >P2 receptors have been implicated in the release of neurotransmitter and pro-inflammatory cytokines due to their response to neuro-excitatory substances in the microglia. The P2X4, P2X7 and P2Y12 receptors are […]
Learn More >Opioid medications are the mainstay of pain management but present substantial side-effects such as respiratory depression which can be lethal with overdose. Most opioid drugs, such as fentanyl, act on […]
Learn More >In today’s society, people are subjected to many social stressors, and excessive chronic stress causes functional disruption of the neuroendocrine system and many diseases. Although the exacerbation of atopic dermatitis […]
Learn More >Circular RNAs (ciRNAs) are emerging as new players in the regulation of gene expression. However, how ciRNAs are involved in neuropathic pain is poorly understood. Here, we identify the nervous-tissue-specific […]
Learn More >Clinical arthritis is the hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet the natural trajectory in which arthritis develops at tissue-level remains elusive. We hypothesized that subclinical inflammation in different joint tissues […]
Learn More >Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) presents with an array of symptoms that can vary from child to child, making it difficult to diagnose and differentiate from other pain conditions such […]
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