Accepted

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a family of chaperone proteins that consists of four isoforms: Hsp90α, Hsp90β, glucose-regulated protein 94 (Grp94), and tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor-associated protein […]

This review aimed to investigate emerging evidence regarding the effectiveness of exercise for migraines, focusing on the results of recent trials. Additionally, it explored the possibility of exercise as a […]

Previous observational studies have reported an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among individuals with migraine. This study aimed to investigate the causal effect of migraine on the development of […]

The human voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.7 is a widely proven target for analgesic drug studies. ProTx2, a 30-residue polypeptide from Peruvian green tarantula venom, shows high specificity to activity against […]

Headache in intracranial disorders drives significant disability in our patients. Management principles for secondary headaches require a multidisciplinary approach with expertise from the neurological, neuro-ophthalmological, neuroradiological, and neurosurgical specialities. The […]

Parents may seek out health information online when their adolescent has nonspecific back pain to better understand treatment options. Such information directed towards consumers has not been previously analysed.

Pain mostly arises because specialized cells called nociceptors detect harmful or potentially harmful stimuli. In lower animals with less convoluted nervous system, these responses are believed to be purely nociceptive. […]

Microglia are resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and propagate inflammation following damage to the CNS, including the retina. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a condition that can […]

Breakthrough pain is common in life-limiting conditions and at end-of-life. Despite over 30 years of study, there is little consensus regarding the definition and characteristics of breakthrough pain.

Fabry disease is a rare monogenetic, X-linked lysosomal storage disorder with neuropathic pain as one characteristic symptom. Impairment of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A leads to an accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in […]