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Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and offset analgesia are different features of descending pain inhibition. This study investigated CPM, offset analgesia and clinical pain measures in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) before and after treatment with the combination of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) plus acetaminophen.
Learn More >Efficacy of pain modulation is assessed as the difference in pain sensitivity during a painful conditioning, compared to before (conditioning pain modulation, CPM). Attention can be assessed with the Stroop-task, in which participants report the number of words on a screen; either congruent or incongruent with the value of the words. Attention away from painful stimuli during CPM enhances the CPM-effect. However, it is unknown if attention influences CPM-effects when the two are done in sequence.
Learn More >Thalamic pain is a neuropathic pain syndrome that occurs as a result of thalamic damage. It is difficult to develop therapeutic interventions for thalamic pain because its mechanism is unclear. To better understand the pathophysiological basis of thalamic pain, we developed and characterized a new rat model of thalamic pain using a technique of microinjecting cobra venom into the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) of the thalamus.
Learn More >In recent years, the importance and prevalence of cognitive biases has gained scholarly attention in medicine as well as management science regarding a wide range of human activities.
Learn More >A phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of erenumab for the prevention of episodic migraine in Japanese patients was conducted.
Learn More >This pilot trial compared the feasibility, tolerability, acceptability, and effects of group-delivered mindfulness meditation (MM), cognitive therapy (CT), and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for chronic low back pain (CLBP).
Learn More >Abnormal endogenous pain modulation (EPM) was suggested as a pathophysiological characteristic of chronic pain. EPM has been investigated using psychophysical tests for pain facilitation and inhibition such as temporal summation of pain and conditioned pain modulation, respectively. Another psychophysical test for pain inhibition is offset analgesia (OA), where small variations in noxious stimulus intensity over time elicit a disproportionately large analgesic response. OA has been investigated in patients with mixed pain conditions, but not in chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients.
Learn More >Itch is one of the cardinal symptoms of polymorphic light eruption (PLE), the most common form of photodermatosis known to be mediated immunologically. Indeed, very often itch precedes the skin lesions of the condition or may be even the only symptom in PLE, which sometimes is aggravated to a burning sensation. There have been reports of a variant called PLE sine eruption, with intense pruritus on the sun-exposed parts without any visible skin changes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Learn More >Axonal injury results in regenerative success or failure, depending on whether the axon lies in the peripheral or the CNS, respectively. The present study addresses whether epigenetic signatures in dorsal root ganglia discriminate between regenerative and non-regenerative axonal injury. Chromatin immunoprecipitation for the histone 3 (H3) post-translational modifications H3K9ac, H3K27ac and H3K27me3; an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin; and RNA sequencing were performed in dorsal root ganglia after sciatic nerve or dorsal column axotomy. Distinct histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility signatures correlated with gene expression after peripheral, but not central, axonal injury. DNA-footprinting analyses revealed new transcriptional regulators associated with regenerative ability. Machine-learning algorithms inferred the direction of most of the gene expression changes. Neuronal conditional deletion of the chromatin remodeler CCCTC-binding factor impaired nerve regeneration, implicating chromatin organization in the regenerative competence. Altogether, the present study offers the first epigenomic map providing insight into the transcriptional response to injury and the differential regenerative ability of sensory neurons.
Learn More >The term vestibular migraine designates recurrent vertigo that is caused by migraine. Vestibular migraine presents with episodes of spontaneous or positional vertigo lasting seconds to days that are accompanied by migraine symptoms. Because headache is often absent during acute attacks, other migraine features have to be identified by thorough history taking. In contrast, vestibular testing serves mainly for the exclusion of other diagnoses. Treatment still lacks solid evidence. It is targeted at the underlying migraine and comprises explanation and reassurance, lifestyle modifications, and drugs.
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