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Long-term smoking is a risk factor for chronic pain, and chronic nicotine exposure induces pain-like effects in rodents. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been demonstrated to be associated with […]
Learn More >The periaqueductal gray (PAG) is a key region in the descending pain modulatory system. We applied a Granger causality analysis-based approach to examine resting-state effective connectivity of the bilateral PAG […]
Learn More >To ensure readers are informed consumers of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research in headache, to outline ongoing challenges in this area of research, and to describe potential considerations when […]
Learn More >It has yet to be determined whether medication overuse headache (MOH) is an independent disorder or a combination of primary headache and substance addiction. To further explore the causes of […]
Learn More >The study was designed to explore the correlation of the asymmetric regulation between periaqueductal gray (PAG) and bilateral trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) in migraine rats through studying the changes of metabolites […]
Learn More >Migraine-a disabling neurological disorder, imposes a tremendous burden on societies. To reduce the economic and health toll of the disease, insight into its pathophysiological mechanism is key to improving treatment […]
Learn More >Accumulating evidence of clinical and neuroimaging studies indicated that migraine is related to brain structural alterations. However, it is still not clear whether the associations of brain structural alterations with […]
Learn More >Synaptic connections between neurons are often formed in precise subcellular regions of dendritic arbors with implications for information processing within neurons. Cell-cell interactions are widely important for circuit wiring; however, […]
Learn More >Spinal cord (SC) anatomy is often assimilated to a morphologically encapsulated neural entity, but its functional anatomy remains only partially understood. We hypothesized that it could be possible to re-explore […]
Learn More >(1) Background: Hippus (which in this paper will be called “Pupillary nystagmus”) is a well-known phenomenon which has never been related to any specific pathology, so much so that it […]
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