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Ionotropic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels triggering fast neurotransmitter responses. Among them, P2X and 5-HT receptors have been shown to physically interact each other and functionally inducing cross inhibitory responses. […]
Learn More >The interest of patients with chronic pain in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is high. The aim of an accompanying complementary therapy is to strengthen the patient’s self-efficacy, the ability […]
Learn More >The aim of this study was to evaluate the microvasculature of the macula and the optic nerve in patients affected by migraine with aura (MA) and without aura (MO) by […]
Learn More >Chronic pain, whether of inflammatory or neuropathic origin, affects about 18% of the population of developed countries, and most current treatments are only moderately effective and/or cause serious side effects. […]
Learn More >Itching is associated with various skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and allergic dermatitis, and leads to repeated scratching behavior and unpleasant sensation. Although clinical and laboratory research data have shown […]
Learn More >Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain state that usually caused by injuries in peripheral or central nerve. Inhibition of spinal microglial response is a promising treatment of neuropathic pain caused […]
Learn More >The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) is a bulbospinal nuclei in the descending pain modulation system, and directly affects spinal nociceptive transmission through pronociceptive ON cells and antinociceptive OFF cells in […]
Learn More >Pain is a complex problem affecting millions of people worldwide. The current therapies to reduce pain are limited as many treatment options inadequately address the causes of pain, lead to […]
Learn More >Psychotherapies, such as schema therapy, are receiving increasing attention in the management of pediatric headaches. The purpose of this study was to investigate early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) in adolescents with […]
Learn More >Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is characterized by disabling joint pain that can cause persistent arthritis in approximately one-fourth of patients. Currently, no standard treatments are available for chronic CHIKV arthritis. Our […]
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