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Studies have shown it is possible to elicit a tension-type headache episode in 15 to 30% of healthy individuals following a tooth-clenching or stress-inducing task. Despite this, no studies have attempted to understand why some healthy individuals develop a headache episode while others do not.
Learn More >This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of mirogabalin, a novel, potent, selective ligand of the α δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca channels, for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP).
Learn More >Background Recent studies showed the possible association between inflammation-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) structural changes followed by greater permeability of the BBB and chronic pain. Thus, measurement of BBB breakdown would be a valuable aid in the diagnosis in migraine. Dynamic contrast material-enhanced (DCE) MRI can determine perfusion and permeability properties related to the BBB. Purpose To evaluate the relationship between permeability of the BBB in migraine-associated brain regions by using DCE MRI. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, from September 2016 to December 2017, 56 study participants underwent DCE MRI after gadobutrol administration and were classified into migraine ( = 35) and healthy control ( = 21) groups. Automatic volumetric segmentation was performed on the pre-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images by using FreeSurfer, and migraine-associated brain region masks were extracted by using the software NordicICE. The corresponding maps for pharmacokinetic parameters (the volume transfer constant) and (the fractional plasma volume) were coregistered with the region-of-interest masks, and their mean values of corresponding total volume of interest were calculated. For comparison analyses, the Mann-Whitney tests were used. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Spearman rank correlation tests were used to identify correlations between clinical characteristics and the aforementioned perfusion parameters. Results Mean age was younger in the migraine group (mean ± standard deviation, 57 years ± 12) than in the healthy control group (mean, 71 years ± 8) ( < .001). In the migraine group, the mean value of in the left amygdala (median, 0.27 mL/100 g) was lower than that in the healthy control group (median, 0.39 mL/100 g) ( = .04). The mean value of in the left amygdala was correlated with the intensity of headache attack in participants with migraine (correlation coefficient, -0.34; = .04). Conclusion Lower fractional plasma volume in the left amygdala was observed in participants with migraine than in healthy participants. © RSNA, 2019 See also the editorial by Carroll and Ginat in this issue.
Learn More >Widespread pain is a common comorbidity in several chronic diseases and is suspected to be caused by the underlying disease that has provoked a state of central sensitization. However, this argument is currently limited by evidence that has not sufficiently captured the temporal nature of the relationship between diagnosis of the underlying disease and onset of widespread pain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), endometriosis or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a higher risk of developing widespread pain (fibromyalgia or chronic widespread pain [CWP]).
Learn More >The aim of this study was to investigate chronotype in migraine patients and possible influences on the clinical expression of the disease.
Learn More >Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is common and associated with loss of functioning and health. Subjects with chronic non-widespread pain (CnWP) are at increased risk of developing CWP, but few studies have described the nature of the development over time.We followed a random sample of 3105 participants from the population-based HUNT-3 study with five annual measurements of pain over four years. While 29% reported CWP on at least one occasion, only 7% reported it consistently on four or fsive occasions. The average annual cumulative incidence was 5% and the recovery rate was 38%. In mutual adjusted analysis, the risk of developing CWP from one year to the next was higher in subjects with chronic pain (RR=2.4; 95% CI: 1.8-3.4), two or more pain regions (RR= 3.3; 95% CI: 2.5-4.4), moderate pain or more (RR=1.8; 95% CI: 1.5-2.6) and with comorbid chronic disease (RR=1.6; 95% CI: 1.3-1.9). Developing CWP was associated with a modest concurrent change in self-reported mental and physical health. The risk of developing CWP between the fourth and fifth occasions was 80% lower for subjects without a history of CWP, compared to those with. For subjects without previous CWP, the development was associated with previously reported CnWP, but not with the number of occasions with CnWP, in analyses adjusted for sex, age and pain severity.A substantial proportion of the new cases of CWP originates from subjects floating below and above the definition for CWP over time, and thus, do not seem to involve major transitions in health.
Learn More >Nocebo hyperalgesia (i.e., increased pain sensitivity based on expectations) can be induced by conditioning, but is supposed to be mediated by conscious expectation. Although recent evidence points to the feasibility of subliminal conditioning of nocebo hyperalgesia with masked faces, face processing might be a special case and the practical implications of subliminal conditioning remain questionable. This study aimed to implicitly condition nocebo hyperalgesia using supraliminal cues.
Learn More >To assess the effects of migraine on important life domains and compare differences between respondents with episodic and chronic migraine and between sexes.
Learn More >The aim of this study was to determine whether post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) moderates treatment outcomes in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain.
Learn More >Today over 80% of children diagnosed with cancer are expected to survive. Despite the high prevalence of pain associated with the diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancer, there is a limited understanding of how having cancer shapes children's experience and meaning of pain after treatment has ended. This study addresses this gap by exploring childhood cancer survivors' (CCS') experiences of pain from their perspective and the perspective of their parents.
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