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Migraine with cranial autonomic symptoms is well described in the literature, but its prevalence in previous studies varies enormously. A precise estimate of the prevalence in a population-based material is important because migraine with cranial autonomic symptoms might represent an endophenotype, in which genetic and pathophysiological features differ from those without cranial autonomic features. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to estimate the prevalence in a big population-based sample using both questionnaire-based diagnosis (N = 12,620) and interview-based diagnosis (N = 302). We validate questionnaire-based diagnosis of migraine with cranial autonomic symptoms and develop the first diagnostic criteria for future research of this possible endophenotype.
Learn More >There is a great unmet need for new therapeutics with novel mechanisms of action for patients with Crohn's disease. The ADVANCE and MOTIVATE studies showed that intravenous risankizumab, a selective p19 anti-interleukin (IL)-23 antibody, was efficacious and well tolerated as induction therapy. Here, we report the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous risankizumab as maintenance therapy.
Learn More >Risankizumab, an interleukin (IL)-23 p19 inhibitor, was evaluated for safety and efficacy as induction therapy in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease.
Learn More >To investigate previous treatment and clinical characteristics in migraine and tension-type headache patients at their first visit to a tertiary headache center.
Learn More >Early memories of pain contribute to fear and may underlie the maintenance and development of chronic pain into adulthood. Accordingly, understanding determinants that may impact children's pain memory development is key. This study examined (a) the effect of a brief engaging pain educational video in healthy children before undergoing an experimental pain task upon children's recalled pain intensity and pain-related fear and (b) the moderating role of parental pain- and non-pain-attending verbalizations before and after the pain task.
Learn More >The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of neuropathic pain components of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients and to identify the relation between associated neuropathic pain and comorbidities, pain intensity, function, and radiographic severity of knee OA.
Learn More >We investigated whether sensory attenuation (or failure of) might be an explanation for heightened pain perceptions in individuals with chronic pain. N = 131 (50% chronic pain) individuals underwent a single experimental session, which included the force-matching task and several self-reported symptom and psychological measures. Individuals matched a force delivered to their finger, either by pressing directly on their own finger with their other hand (direct) or by using potentiometer to control the force through a torque motor (slider). All participants overestimated the target force in the direct condition reflecting the sensory attenuation phenomenon. No differences in the magnitude of sensory attenuation between chronic pain and control groups were observed (direct: Z = - 0.90, p = 0.37 and slider: Z = - 1.41, p = 0.16). An increased variance of sensory attenuation was observed in chronic pain individuals (direct: F(1, 129) = 7.22, p = 0.008 and slider: F(1, 129), p = 0.05). Performance in the slider condition was correlated with depressive symptoms (r = - 0.24, p = 0.05), high symptom count (r = - 0.25, p = 0.04) and positive affect (r = 0.28, p = 0.02). These were only identified in the chronic pain individuals. Overall, our findings reveal no clear differences in the magnitude of sensory attenuation between groups. Future research is needed to determine the relevance of sensory attenuation in neuro-cognitive models related to pain perception.
Learn More >The prophylactic treatment of migraine includes anticonvulsant drugs such as valproic acid and topiramate. However, these substances are often poorly tolerated by migraine patients. So far levetiracetam has hardly been studied as an episodic migraine prophylactic agent in adults.
Learn More >The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of circadian variation of blood pressure (BP) in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CPM). A further purpose was to study differences in circadian variation of BP between genders and the correlation between BP circadian variation and pain. We performed a cross-sectional, observational study in which seventy-five participants with CMP participated. Circadian variation in BP was calculated using the diurnal/nocturnal BP ratio, and all participants used validated self-measurement BP devices. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to assess pain perception. All circadian BP values from participants who suffered from CPM followed pathologic cardiovascular parameters (BP ratio < 10%). When comparing BP ratios between genders, statistically significant differences were found ( = 0.011). BP itself did not correlate with pain in any subgroup. Circadian variations of BP in those suffering from CMP are shown and new possibilities of research and treatment are proposed.
Learn More >Converging evidence suggests that anatomical and functional mesocorticolimbic abnormalities support the chronicization of pain disorders.
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