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Aberrant activation of presynaptic NMDA receptors (NMDARs) in the spinal dorsal horn is integral to opioid-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance. However, the signaling mechanisms responsible for opioid-induced NMDAR hyperactivity remain […]
Learn More >The parabrachial nuclear complex (PBN) is a nexus for aversion, and for the sensory and affective components of pain perception. We have previously shown that, during chronic pain, PBN neurons […]
Learn More >Pain assessment in domestic animals has gained importance in recent years due to the recognition of the physiological, behavioral, and endocrine consequences of acute pain on animal production, welfare, and […]
Learn More >The activation of the mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors on peripheral sensory neurons seems to modify pain perception through both direct non-genomic and indirect genomic pathways. These distinct subpopulations […]
Learn More >Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) has been indicated to involve in chronic pain, however, the mechanism by which GLP-1R alleviates the central sensitization of chronic migraine (CM) remains unclear. Treatment with […]
Learn More >Although peripheral neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by peripheral nerve injury, it is not simply a peripheral nervous system disease. It causes abnormalities in both the central and peripheral nervous […]
Learn More >In recent years, electroconductive hydrogels (ECHs) have shown great potential in promoting nerve regeneration and motor function recovery following diabetic peripheral nerve injury (PNI), attributed to their similar electrical and […]
Learn More >Diclofenac is the most prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug worldwide and is used to relieve pain and inflammation in inflammatory arthritis. Diclofenac is associated with serious adverse effects, even in regular-dose […]
Learn More >Dopamine (DA) inhibits excitatory synaptic transmission in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a brain region involved in the sensory and affective processing of pain. However, the DA modulation of inhibitory […]
Learn More >A robust cell-free platform technology, ribosome display in combination with cloning, expression, and purification was utilized to develop single chain Fragment variable (scFv) antibody variants as pain therapy directed at […]
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