Rejected

Prospective randomized control trial.

Patients suffering from persistent COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction (OD) commonly report parosmia. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 OD and parosmia is critical to prioritizing research and interventions. This study investigates the impact of parosmia and other clinical and disease characteristics on health state utility values (HUVs) for those with persistent COVID-19 OD.

There is limited knowledge regarding prevalence and characteristics of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) among young adults in the general population.

ESPB in pediatric patients presented for hip surgery may improve the postoperative analgesia.

Endometriosis is a chronic disorder of the female reproductive system characterized by debilitating symptoms, particularly endometriosis-related pain (ERP). Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures of symptoms and impacts are required to assess disease severity in ERP clinical studies and clinical practice. A content-valid instrument was developed by modifying the Dysmenorrhea Daily Diary (DysDD) to form the Endometriosis Daily Diary (EDD), an electronic PRO administered via handheld device.

Gallstone disease or cholelithiasis is a chronic illness that usually presents with pain in the abdomen, vomiting and indigestion leading to impaired quality of life. EQ-5D utility score is a validated measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We systematically reviewed the literature and synthesised EQ-5D utility scores among patients with gallstone disease and its improvement on treatment.

Pigs are the main host species for the pseudorabies virus. It causes fatal encephalitis in many species, including humans. This article aims to report the first clinical case of pseudorabies as well as isolation and molecular characterization of the virus from a hunting dog in Bursa province, Turkey.

Our aim was to clarify the variations in the positional relationship between the base of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process and the foramen ovale (FO), which block inserted needles during percutaneous procedures to the FO usually used for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Ninety skulls were examined. The horizontal relationship between the FO and the posterior border of the base of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process was observed in an inferior view of the skull base. Skulls that showed injury to either the FO or the lateral plate of the pterygoid process on either side were excluded. One hundred and sixty sides of eighty skulls were eligible. The relationship between the FO and the posterior border of the base of the lateral plate was classified into four types. Among the 160 sides, type III (direct type) was the most common (35%), followed by type I (lateral type, 29%) and type IV (removed type, 21%); type II (medial type) was the least common (15%). Of the 80 specimens, 53 showed the same type bilaterally. In type IV, the posterior border of the base of the lateral plate is disconnected from the FO, so percutaneous procedures for treating trigeminal neuralgia could fail in patients with this type.

Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a general term for persistent postoperative back pain with or without accompanying radicular pain. FBSS may present as chronic facet joint pain.

Pyogenic spondylodiscitis is a relatively rare spinal disease; non-specific spondylodiscitis (NSS) cases are increasing. This study aims to identify if changes of inflammatory markers under antibiotic therapy can be used to determine which NSS patients can benefit from surgical indication earlier than others.