Accepted

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are expected to exhibit efficacy against inflammatory diseases due to their broad pharmacological activity. The launched PDE4 inhibitors apremilast, crisaborole, and roflumilast have not exhibited sufficient […]

The thermal grill illusion (TGI) describes a peculiar or even painful percept caused by non-noxious, interlaced warm and cold stimuli. It involves the glutamatergic system and is affected in putatively […]

Buprenorphine is effective for the treatment of opioid use disorder and chronic pain, has a safer pharmacological profile than full-mu opioid agonists, and can now be prescribed by any U.S. […]

Itch is an unpleasant sensation that evokes a desire to scratch. The skin barrier is constantly exposed to microbes and their products. However, the role of microbes in itch generation […]

Spinal astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation is an important mechanism for the maintenance of chronic inflammatory pain. Previous studies have investigated that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is closely related to […]

Itch exacerbates infection and inflammation-associated skin pathology. In this issue of Cell, Deng et al. identify a V8 protease released by Staphylococcus aureus triggering itch via neuronal protease-activated receptor 1. In […]

Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the association of the cognitive control network (CCN) with the maintenance of chronic pain. However, whether and how dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a key region within […]

The µ opioid receptor (MOR) is the key target for analgesia, but the application of opioids is accompanied by several issues. There is a wide range of opioid analgesics, differing […]

Chronic back pain in employees compromises participation in social and daily activities, as well as work.