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Overuse of symptomatic (i.e. acute) medications is common amongst those with chronic migraine. It is associated with developing frequent headaches, medication side effects, and reduced quality of life. The optimal treatment strategy for patients with chronic migraine with medication overuse (CMMO) has long been debated. The study objective was to determine if migraine preventive therapy switching or limiting the frequency of the overused medication was non-inferior to migraine preventive therapy switching from the overused medication to an alternate medication that could be used on 2 days/week.
Learn More >To investigate how cluster headache preventatives verapamil, lithium and prednisone affect expression of hypothalamic genes involved in chronobiology.
Learn More >Ropivacaine hydrochloride is a commonly used local anesthetic in clinics. However, local injection or continuous infusion of ropivacaine has been associated with several disadvantages. Accordingly, it is important to develop a new controlled release system for local administration of ropivacaine to achieve a prolong anesthetic effect, improve efficacy, and minimize the side effects.
Learn More >Headaches associated with personal protective equipment were reported in health-care workers in previous epidemiological studies.
Learn More >To identify genetic factors predisposing to migraine-epilepsy phenotype utilizing a multi-generational family with known linkage to chr12q24.2-q24.3.
Learn More >The purpose of this study is to provide Level-1 objective, real-world outcome data for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis suffering from neurogenic claudication secondary to hypertrophic ligamentum flavum(HLF).
Learn More >Neck pain is a frequent complaint among patients with migraine and seems to be correlated with the headache frequency. Neck pain is more common in patients with chronic migraine compared to episodic migraine. However, prevalence of neck pain in patients with migraine varies among studies.
Learn More >The objective of this study is to document pain scores during withdrawal of abortive medication in patients diagnosed with medication overuse headache.
Learn More >BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a significant complication of nerve injury. This study aimed to conduct bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in microarrays of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) from rat models of neuropathic pain, based on 4 GEO datasets: GSE15041, GSE38038, GSE2884, and GSE24982. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrieved the 4 microarray datasets, which were generated using DRG samples collected in the early and late stages after spinal nerve ligation in rats. The common DEGs (co-DEGs) were identified and then subjected to Gene Ontology, pathway enrichment, and Protein-protein interaction network analyses. Drugs targeting the identified hub genes were analyzed using the Drug Gene Interaction Database. RESULTS We identified 75 early-stage co-DEGs, which were enriched in chromosome segregation and protein catabolic processes, cytosol and extracellular exosome components, and ATP binding function and metabolic pathways. We identified 29 late-stage co-DEGs, which were enriched in protein tetramerization and drug responses, extracellular and membrane raft components, and protein homodimerization and binding functions and calcium signaling pathways. We also identified several hub genes, including Snap25 (synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa), Vamp2 (vesicle associated membrane protein 2), and Sf3b1 (splicing factor 3b subunit 1), the first 2 of which can be targeted by botulinum toxin derivatives. SNAP25 plays a role in synaptogenesis and the exocytotic release of neurotransmitters, and VAMP2 participates in neurotransmitter release at a step between docking and fusion. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals new mechanisms of neuropathic pain and provides key genes, including SNAP25 and VAMP2, for future studies.
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