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Microglia is a heterogeneous population that mediates neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) and plays a crucial role in developing neuropathic pain. FKBP5 facilitates the assembly of the IκB […]
Learn More >Chronic pain conditions like genito-pelvic pain penetration disorder and chronic pelvic pain cause significant morbidity in women worldwide and yet are underdiagnosed and undertreated. While the use of botulinum toxin […]
Learn More >Capsaicin receptor TRPV1 is a nociceptor for vanilloid molecules such as capsaicin and resiniferatoxin (RTX). Even though cryo-EM structures of TRPV1 in complex with these molecules are available, how their […]
Learn More >Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), plays a significant role in pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation. A synthetic peptide SLIGRL-NH (SLIGRL) can activate PAR2, while […]
Learn More >Migraine is a complex neurogenic inflammatory disorder. There are strong neuronal, endocrine, and immunologic connections between the brain and gastrointestinal system. Damage to the intestinal barrier is thought to cause […]
Learn More >Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a complex condition that is mainly treated with analgesic drugs. However, antidepressant intervention is also an important factor in the treatment of CMP. Duloxetine is […]
Learn More >Balance assessment scales are important clinical tests to identify balance impairments. Chronic pain (> 3 months) is associated with impaired dynamic balance; however, very few balance assessment scales are psychometrically evaluated […]
Learn More >Accumulating data emphasizes the importance of olfaction in migraine pathophysiology. However, there are only a few studies evaluating how the migraine brain processes olfactory stimulation, and virtually no studies comparing […]
Learn More >Biosurfactants are attracting much interest due to their potential application as therapeutic agents in the medical and cosmetic field. Previous studies have demonstrated that biosurfactant such as sophorolipid (SL) exhibits […]
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The increasing role of electronic media in headache.
Most individuals with access to the internet use social media platforms. These platforms represent an excellent opportunity to disseminate knowledge about management and treatment to the benefit of patients. The […]
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