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The pathogenesis of chronic pain entails a series of complex interactions among the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems. Defined as pain lasting or recurring for more than 3 months, chronic […]
Learn More >While denervation can occur with aging, peripheral nerve injuries are debilitating and often leads to a loss of function and neuropathic pain. Although injured peripheral nerves can regenerate and reinnervate […]
Learn More >Musculoskeletal diseases continue to rise on a global scale, causing significant socioeconomic impact and decreased quality of life. The most common disorders affecting musculoskeletal structures are osteoarthritis and tendinopathies, complicated […]
Learn More >Diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoarthritis (OA) are chronic noncommunicable diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. OA and DM are prevalent worldwide and associated with chronic pain and disability. Evidence […]
Learn More >Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with potent immune-modulating properties. It has been shown to stimulate innate immunity and induce immune tolerance. Extensive research efforts have shown that vitamin D […]
Learn More >Closely associated with aging and age-related disorders, cellular senescence (CS) is the inability of cells to proliferate due to accumulated unrepaired cellular damage and irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells […]
Learn More >Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a heat-activated cation channel modulated by inflammatory mediators, which is closely related to pain and serves as a potential analgesic target. However, the […]
Learn More >Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) has become a common complication during the perioperative period. The efficacy of one of the most potent strategies, ketamine, remains unclear.
Learn More >Primary chronic pain is a major contributor to disability worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 20-33% of the world’s population. The high socio-economic impact of musculoskeletal pain justifies seeking an […]
Learn More >Neuropathic pain (NP) is a frequent condition caused by a lesion in, or disease of, the central or peripheral somatosensory nervous system and is associated with excessive inflammation in the […]
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