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Pain is a key non-motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that significantly impacts on life quality. The mechanisms underlying chronic pain in PD are poorly understood, hence the lack of […]
Learn More >The Sigma 2 receptor (σ R) was described pharmacologically more than three decades ago, but its molecular identity remained obscure until recently when it was identified as transmembrane protein 97 […]
Learn More >P2 receptors have been implicated in the release of neurotransmitter and pro-inflammatory cytokines due to their response to neuro-excitatory substances in the microglia. The P2X4, P2X7 and P2Y12 receptors are […]
Learn More >Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with an impaired immune system that severely affects the spinal cord and brain, and which is marked by progressive inflammatory demyelination. Patients with MS may […]
Learn More >Opioid medications are the mainstay of pain management but present substantial side-effects such as respiratory depression which can be lethal with overdose. Most opioid drugs, such as fentanyl, act on […]
Learn More >Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects from children to adults widely, presenting symptoms such as pruritus, erythema, scaling, and dryness. Lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, has […]
Learn More >Targeting histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for anti-inflammation and related biological pathways, including inflammatory events associated with the brain. In this study, in order […]
Learn More >In today’s society, people are subjected to many social stressors, and excessive chronic stress causes functional disruption of the neuroendocrine system and many diseases. Although the exacerbation of atopic dermatitis […]
Learn More >Circular RNAs (ciRNAs) are emerging as new players in the regulation of gene expression. However, how ciRNAs are involved in neuropathic pain is poorly understood. Here, we identify the nervous-tissue-specific […]
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