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The development of physical dependence and addiction disorders due to misuse of opioid analgesics is a major concern with pain therapeutics. We developed a mouse model of oxycodone exposure and […]
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease of the knee that results from the progressive loss of articular cartilage. It is most common in the elderly and affects millions […]
Articular cartilage degeneration has been proved to cause a variety of joint diseases, among which osteoarthritis is the most typical. Osteoarthritis is characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and persistent pain, […]
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition with a high recurrence rate. To date, the clinical treatment of IBD mainly focuses on inflammation and gastrointestinal symptoms while ignoring the […]
Morphine has a strong analgesic effect and is suitable for various types of pain, so it is widely used. But long-term usage of morphine can lead to drug tolerance, which […]
Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV) affects ~14 million people in the US (9% of women), destroying lives and relationships. LPV is characterized by chronic pain (> 3 months) upon touch to the […]
Background Opioids are efficacious and safe analgesic drugs in short-term use for acute pain but chronic use can lead to tolerance and dependence. Opioid-induced microglial activation may contribute to the […]
MOTS-c, a recently discovered mitochondrial-derived peptide, plays an important role in many physiological and pathological functions adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that AMPK is an […]
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that results in the destruction of the teeth supporting tissues, eventually leading to the loss of teeth and reduced quality of life. In […]
Migraine, especially chronic migraine, is highly debilitating and still lacks effective treatment. The persistent headache arises from activation and sensitization of primary afferent neurons in the trigeminovascular pathway, but the […]