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Advances in the Acute and Preventive Treatment of Pediatric Migraine.

Headaches are common in children and adolescents. Treatments for debilitating migraine are often not FDA approved or lack evidence of efficacy for children. This narrative review looks at the evidence […]

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Toll-like Receptor 2-Melatonin Feedback Loop Regulates the Activation of Spinal NLRP3 Inflammasome in Morphine-Tolerant Rats.

Morphine is amongst the most effective analgesics available for the management of severe pain. However, prolonged morphine treatment leads to analgesic tolerance which limits its clinical usage. Previous studies have […]

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Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with acupuncture on NLRP3 inflammasome and protease levels in patients with neuropathic pain.

This study aimed to investigate whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with acupuncture could alleviate pain in patients suffering from postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) by inhibiting NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) […]

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Increased hippocampal efficiency is associated with greater headache frequency in adolescents with chronic headache.

Adults with chronic headache have altered brain hippocampal efficiency networks. Less is known about the mechanisms underlying chronic headache in youth. In total, 29 youth with chronic headache (10-18 years), and […]

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Peripheral Neuroinflammation and Pain: How Acute Pain Becomes Chronic.

The number of individuals suffering from severe chronic pain and its social and financial impact is staggering. Without significant advances in our understanding of how acute pain becomes chronic, effective […]

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PACAP/PAC1-R activation contributes to hyperalgesia in 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s disease model rats via promoting excitatory synaptic transmission of spinal dorsal horn neurons.

Pain is a common annoying non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) that causes distress to patients. Treatment for PD pain remains a big challenge, as its underlying mechanisms are elusive. […]

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Regular walking exercise prior to knee osteoarthritis reduces joint pain in an animal model.

We investigated the effect of regular walking exercise prior to knee osteoarthritis (OA) on pain and synovitis in a rat monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced knee OA model. Seventy-one male Wistar rats […]

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Serological Biomarkers of Chronic Migraine.

Chronic migraine (CM) is a chronic form of migraine that differs from episodic migraine (EM) in terms of prevalence, comorbidities, response to treatment, and biomarkers. The aim of this review […]

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Modulation of Neuroimmune and Epithelial Dysregulation in Patients With Moderate to Severe Prurigo Nodularis Treated With Nemolizumab.

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a debilitating skin disease characterized by intense pruritus and hyperkeratotic skin nodules. Nemolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin 31 receptor α, is a promising novel therapy […]

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A Comprehensive Overview of the Neural Mechanisms of Light Therapy.

Light is a powerful environmental factor influencing diverse brain functions. Clinical evidence supports the beneficial effect of light therapy on several diseases, including depression, cognitive dysfunction, chronic pain, and sleep […]

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