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Early-life adversity increases morphine tolerance and persistent inflammatory hypersensitivity through upregulation of δ opioid receptors in mice.

Exposure to severely stressful events during childhood is associated with poor health outcomes in later life, including chronic pain and substance use disorder. However, the mediators and mechanisms are unclear. […]

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Neuropathic pain following spinal cord hemisection induced by the reorganization in primary somatosensory cortex and regulated by neuronal activity of lateral parabrachial nucleus.

Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a common and thorny problem, influencing the life quality severely. This study aimed to elucidate the reorganization of the primary sensory cortex […]

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ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF AN ANTI-CGRP ANTIBODY IN RAT MODELS OF COLON-BLADDER CROSS ORGAN SENSITIZATION

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) are comorbid visceral pain disorders seen commonly in women with unknown etiology, limited treatment options and can involve visceral organ […]

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An injectable copolymer of fatty acids (ARA 3000 BETA) as a promising treatment for osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent rheumatic disease and a fast growing cause of disability. Current pharmacological treatments include antalgics and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs to control pain and inflammation as […]

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Intrathecal administration of botulinum toxin type a antagonizes neuropathic pain by countering increased vesicular nucleotide transporter expression in the spinal cord of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve rats.

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) induces direct analgesic effects in neuropathic pain by inhibiting the release of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and glutamate. Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) was […]

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Peripheral and central neuroplasticity in a mouse model of endometriosis.

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is the most debilitating symptom of gynaecological disorders such as endometriosis. However, it remains unclear how sensory neurons from pelvic organs affected by endometriosis, such as […]

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Microglia modulate general anesthesia through P2Y receptor.

General anesthesia (GA) is an unconscious state produced by anesthetic drugs, which act on neurons to cause overall suppression of neuronal activity in the brain. Recent studies have revealed that […]

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Sustained release of levobupivacaine from temperature-sensitive injectable hydrogel for long-term local anesthesia in postoperative pain management.

Postoperative pain is a major concern for most of the surgical patients, and an inadequate postoperative pain control may cause a series of complications. With an effective pain control and […]

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Ketoprofen, lysine and gabapentin co-crystal magnifies synergistic efficacy and tolerability of the constituent drugs: Pre-clinical evidences towards an innovative therapeutic approach for neuroinflammatory pain.

Chronic pain is an enormous public health concern, and its treatment is still an unmet medical need. Starting from data highlighting the promising effects of some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in […]

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Inhibition of T-type calcium channels with TTA-P2 reduces chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury in rats.

Spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced neuropathic pain (SCI-NP) develops in up to 60-70% of people affected by traumatic SCI, leading to a major decline in quality of life and increased risk […]

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