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CB cannabinoid receptor activation suppresses pathological pain in animal models. CB agonists show promise as therapeutic agents because they lack unwanted side effects commonly associated with direct activation of CB […]
Learn More >Background Opioids are efficacious and safe analgesic drugs in short-term use for acute pain but chronic use can lead to tolerance and dependence. Opioid-induced microglial activation may contribute to the […]
Learn More >MOTS-c, a recently discovered mitochondrial-derived peptide, plays an important role in many physiological and pathological functions adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that AMPK is an […]
Learn More >Migraine, especially chronic migraine, is highly debilitating and still lacks effective treatment. The persistent headache arises from activation and sensitization of primary afferent neurons in the trigeminovascular pathway, but the […]
Learn More >Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The majority of PSC patients suffer from concomitant inflammatory […]
Learn More >Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease caused by immune dysfunction, specifically the hyperactivation of Th2. AD is a complex disease with multiple factors contributing to its development; […]
Learn More >Pain associated with bone cancer remains poorly managed, and chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat cancer usually increase pain. The discovery of dual-acting drugs that reduce cancer and produce analgesia is […]
Learn More >Nav1.8, a tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) subtype encoded by SCN10A, which plays an important role in the production and transmission of peripheral neuropathic pain signals. Studies have shown that […]
Learn More >Effect of voluntary exercise on endogenous pain control systems and post-traumatic headache in mice.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause acute and chronic pain along with motor, cognitive and emotional problems. Although the mechanisms are poorly understood, previous studies suggest disruptions in endogenous pain […]
Learn More >Chronic migraine (CM) is a common neurological disorder with complex pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) induces migraine-like attacks and may be potential a new target for […]
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