Rejected

To investigate the establishment of trachea respiratory passage invided by advanced thyroid malignant tumor. Review of 14 cases with the establishment of trachea respiratory passage invided by advanced thyroid cancer was conducted who were treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University between 2016 and 2020. There were 5 males and 9 females, aged from 24-79 years old. Shin grade was as follows，5 cases with Ⅱ grade, 6 with Ⅲ grade, and 3 with Ⅳ grade. Based on the conditions of tracheal compression and tumor extent, three types of managements were used: patients with the narrowest tracheal diameter>5 mm (8 cases with dyspnea Ⅰ-Ⅱ, Shin grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ) were applied with local surface anesthesia and conscious endotracheal intubation after sedation and analgesia; patients with the narrowest tracheal diameter with 4-5 mm (3 cases with dyspnea Ⅱ, Shin grade Ⅳ) needed tracheotomy with local anesthesia by supplying oxygen with a mask; patients with the narrowest tracheal diameter<4 mm (3 cases with dyspnea Ⅲ, Shin grade Ⅲ) needed tracheotomy with extracorporeal circulation. Respiratory passages for general anesthesia were safely established in all 14 patients, of whom 12 cases with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were treated with surgery, and 2 cases with undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma and B-cell lymphoma was treated with tracheotomy and then treated with chemotherapy in the Oncology or Hematology Department. All patients were followed-up for 2-22 months and survived without tumors, but one patient with undifferentiated carcinoma survived for 3 months. Respiratory passage can be established quickly and safe in advanced thyroid malignant tumor. This provides a necessary safety for patients who are needed surgical treatment and also an opportunity for patients undergoing other treatments.

A 78-year-old man with a history of multiple cancers presented with severe shoulder pain, elevated inflammatory markers, an ulcerating skin lesion along the anterior shoulder, symptoms concerning for septic arthritis, and a lytic lesion of the humeral head. A negative work-up for malignancy prompted infectious work-up and biopsies, revealing positive methicillin-sensitive cultures, yet a curious finding of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates and fibrinoid necrosis from both the dermal vessel wall from a skin biopsy and humeral head bone biopsy, suggestive of pyoderma gangrenosum. This was a previously undocumented presentation of pyoderma gangrenosum invasion into a large joint with concomitant bacterial septic arthritis. [. 20XX;XX(X):xx-xx.].

: Cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (CIESI) is increasingly used as an interventional treatment for pain originating from the cervical spine. However, serious neurological complications may occur during CIESI because of direct nerve damage following inappropriate needle placement. : A 35-year-old woman presented with posterior neck pain radiating to the left upper arm. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed left C6 nerve impingement. CIESI under fluoroscopic guidance was performed at another hospital using the left C5/6 interlaminar approach. Immediately after the procedure, the patient experienced dizziness, decreased blood pressure, motor weakness in the left upper arm, and sensory loss. She visited our emergency department with postdural puncture headache (PDPH) that worsened after the procedure. Post-admission cervical MRI revealed intramedullary T2 high signal intensity and cord swelling from the C4/5 to C6/7 levels; thus, a diagnosis of spinal cord injury was made. The patient's PDPH spontaneously improved after 48 h. However, despite conservative treatment with steroids, the decrease in abduction of the left fifth finger and loss of sensation in the dorsum of the left hand persisted for up to 6 months after the procedure. As noticed in the follow-up MRI performed 6 months post-procedure, the T2 high signal intensity in the left intramedullary region had decreased compared to that observed previously; however, cord swelling persisted. Furthermore, left C7/8 radiculopathy with acute denervation was confirmed by electromyography performed 6 months after the procedure. : Fluoroscopy does not guarantee the prevention of spinal cord penetration during CIESI. Moreover, persistent neurological deficits may occur, particularly due to intrathecal perforation or drug administration during CIESI. Therefore, in accordance with the recommendations of the Multisociety Pain Workgroup, we recommend performing CIESI at the C6/7 or C7/T1 levels, where the epidural space is relatively large, rather than at the C5/6 level or higher.

Vertebral hemangiomas are typically asymptomatic; however, they can also be a source of severe axial back pain. In this report, the authors describe the case of an unusually large sacral hemangioma that was effectively treated with staged cement augmentation. A 57-year-old man presented with chronic mid-sacral pain that was episodically severe. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a massive lytic defect involving a majority of the body of S1 with features consistent with a hemangioma. It was theorized that the patient's pain could be attributed to the compromised structural integrity of the proximal sacrum with associated microfractures. Extensive conservative treatment failed to ameliorate the pain. A cement augmentation procedure was therefore recommended to stabilize the proximal sacrum. Due to concern about the potential for cement embolic complications, a staged bilateral approach was chosen. In the first procedure, 12 mL of bone cement was injected into the right proximal sacrum. The pain was partially improved by this injection. A 2-month interval was observed before the second cement injection in order to give time for pulmonary recovery from any potential microscopic emboli. In the second stage, 8 mL of bone cement was injected into the left proximal sacrum with excellent pain relief. There were no complications from either injection. At the 5-year follow-up, the patient reported no recurrence of mid-sacral pain. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case reporting the effective treatment of a sacral hemangioma with staged cement injections. [. 20XX;XX(X):xx-xx.].

Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is an effective method to treat pain in adult trauma patients with hip fracture. Of importance is the high prevalence of preinjury anticoagulants and antiplatelet medications in this population. To date, we have not identified any literature that has specifically evaluated the safety of FICB with continuous catheter infusion in patients on antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy. The purpose of this study is to quantify the complication rate associated with FICB in patients who are actively taking prescribed anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet medications prior to injury and identify factors that may predispose patients to an adverse event.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a syndrome that is manifested by a variety of clinical findings, like headache, seizure, loss of vision and change in consciousness, and characterized by bilateral vasogenic edema, which is usually located in the posterior part of the hemispheres, but sometimes located in atypical localization.

Non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistulas (NGPAVFs) are rare cerebrovascular pathologies accounting for only 1.6-4.8% of all brain vascular malformations. We performed a comprehensive review of NGPAVF cases reported in the literature to further characterize their clinical patterns of presentation, angiographic features, management, clinical outcomes, and complications.

Acute calcium deposit (ACD) in the hand and wrist is a cause of acute pain due to crystal-induced soft-tissue inflammation. There are no standard management guidelines for this condition, which is frequently treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), with variable efficacy, some patients presenting symptoms for several months. We retrospectively analyzed the results of all patients treated with anakinra for hand or wrist ACD in our department in 2020. We extracted data on treatment duration, pain, range of motion, skin erythema, hypervascularization, edema, and X-ray findings. Ten patients were treated for hand or wrist ACD with anakinra 100 mg per day for a mean 2.7 days. We observed rapid and significant improvement in pain, range of motion, local erythema and edema from day 2 and a decrease in skin temperature from day 3. Calcifications significantly decreased in size or disappeared in the majority of the patients. There were no adverse events or recurrences at 1 year's follow-up. Anakinra was associated with significant clinical improvement after only two days' treatment and may be considered to treat patients with hand or wrist ACD, especially in case of contraindications to NSAIDs or glucocorticoids. Further controlled studies are needed to confirm the present observations.

The plant Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz.,a Chinese herbal medicine with multiple pharmacological effects and clinical applications, has been traditionally used in the treatment of paralysis caused by stroke and joint pain from rheumatism by the Yi minority people of Southwest China for generations.However, its mechanism involves many factors and has not been fully clarified.

This study evaluated the efficacy of epidurally administered magnesium associated with local anesthetics on postoperative pain control.