Rejected

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sub-luxation can have a significant psycho-social impact on a patients' well-being. Several treatment modalities have been described in the literature for the same. The present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of heavy bupivacaine-dextrose prolotherapy (HDP) for the peri-articular tissues, superior joint space and the retro-discal area in the patients with symptomatic chronic sub-luxation.

Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) is an uncommon but challenging clinical condition characterized by altered corneal nerves and sensation leading to corneal damage. Corneal neurotization, a surgical technique that aims to "re-innervate" the cornea, has gained increasing popularity in view of the potential to permanently improve or even restore the normal corneal sensation. In this study, we aimed to report the outcomes of two cases of NK that underwent indirect minimally invasive corneal neurotization (MICN) with a sural nerve autograft, and to provide plausible explanations for the observed clinical outcomes.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is a painful ophthalmoplegia due to non-specific granulomatous inflammation in the cavernous sinus region. It is diagnosed by the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-3 criteria. We report the case of a young lady who presented with a right-sided headache for 2 weeks, followed by right-sided diplopia for 4 days. Clinical examination revealed right trochlear nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of her brain showed abnormal thickening and postcontrast enhancement of the right orbital apex and superior orbital fissure, suggesting THS. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ruled out intracranial infection. The initial presentation satisfied the ICHD-3 criteria. Further imaging revealed cervical, axillary, and intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy with granulomatous lesions in the spleen and right kidney. Ultrasound (US)-guided axillary lymph node biopsy was positive for . QuantiFERON TB gold plus test from serum was positive. Based on radiological and histopathological findings, a diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis involving lymph nodes, kidneys, spleen, and lungs was made. THS is a diagnosis of exclusion. This case signifies that patients diagnosed with THS based on ICHD-3 criteria should be extensively evaluated to rule out granulomatous infections such as tuberculosis. Typical THS symptoms with granulomatous inflammation can give false reassurance to clinicians and prevent investigation for more dangerous etiologies. As painful ophthalmoplegia can arise secondary to a myriad of pathologies, diagnostic workups for all possibilities should be exhausted before arriving at a diagnosis of THS. Regardless of MRI findings, workups for tuberculosis and fungal infections should be completed.

Previous studies have found that Korean red ginseng extract (KRG) has antipruritic effects, which can be attributed to the presence of Rg3, one of the most potent ginsenosides. Therefore, Rg3-enriched KRG extract (Rg3EKRG) is anticipated to have enhanced antipruritic effects. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of Rg3EKRG in acute chloroquine (CQ)-induced and chronic dry skin pruritus.

A 37-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of abdominal pain, headaches, nausea, vomiting, and leukocytosis. Medical history includes congenital hydrocephalus, with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt placed several years ago. Radionuclide cerebrospinal fluid cisternography shows curvilinear activity in the abdomen, in the pattern of small and large bowel loops, suggesting that the tip of the catheter is inside a small bowel loop. No activity is seen in the intraperitoneal compartment. CT of the abdomen and pelvis followed by laparoscopic surgery confirmed the findings.

To report the case of a patient who presented with recurrent corneal erosions caused by an undetected plastic foreign body in the upper eyelid, which had remained asymptomatic for nearly 15 years following an ocular injury.

We describe a patient with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) secondary to an oral water bolus and examine the utility of the water-drinking test.

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in both men and women worldwide. Although its occurrence during pregnancy is rare, it is fast becoming an emerging issue globally. Lung cancer is exceedingly rare in young individuals but is distinct, with adenocarcinoma and stage IV presentation being the most common features. This study presents the case of a 30-year-old woman who came to the emergency department with headache, loss of sensation in the left side of the body, progressing diplopia, and diabetes insipidus that first appeared when the patient was 6-month pregnant. Clinical examination showed right cranial nerve III paresis, bitemporal hemianopsia, and left hemiparesis, while MRI indicated multiple intracranial metastases proven by pathology anatomy. This study highlights the role of imaging in assessing lung adenocarcinoma with intracranial metastasis in a young pregnant woman.