Rejected

To describe marijuana's clinical role for urologic symptoms.

The comparative efficacy of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia remains controversial.

Blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) is increasingly offered to older adults with hematologic malignancies; however, their risk for severe pain is poorly understood. Using the Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor Study, the current study investigated the prevalence and predictors of pain after BMT (allogeneic or autologous) as well as its association with physical performance impairments and frailty.

A ketogenic diet may be a therapeutic option for approximately one third of patients with epilepsy. These patients continue to have seizures despite suitable pharmacological treatment. Regardless of the diet's therapeutic potential regarding seizure control, adverse events may coexist. This requires constant monitoring of the patient as comorbidities may emerge. A prospective, nonrandomized and uncontrolled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a ketogenic diet on cardiometabolic parameters (lipid profile, glycemic profile and body composition variables) and seizure control in adult patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsies. Patients followed the Modified Atkin's Diet (MAD), with a restriction of 20 g of carbohydrates per day, adequate protein amounts and fats ad libitum for 24 weeks. Fourteen eligible patients were enrolled in the study, however, only eight completed the treatment (four women with an average age of 33.5 ± 9.9 years and four men with an average age of 27.5 ± 9.0 years; p = 0.386). The median of focal impaired awareness seizures decreased from 9.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 4.0-28.0) seizures per month pre-diet to 4.0 (IQR 0.5-11.2) seizures per month in 12 weeks (p = 0.028), i.e. a 55.5% reduction. Total cholesterol (19,711 ± 1373 mg/dL to 28,427 ± 2545 mg/dL; p = 0.016), LDL (131.47 ± 1319 mg/dL to 194.85 ± 20.41 mg/dL; p = 0.037), and non-HDL (140.20 ± 13.04 mg/dL to 219.75 ± 28.53 mg/dL; p = 0.028) levels increased progressively over the intervention period, being significant at 24 weeks (n = 6). A significant reduction in blood glucose (89.70 ± 2.20 mg/dL to 82.62 ± 1.45 mg/dL at week 24, p < 0.001, n = 6), insulin (11.02 ± 1.78 μUI/mL to 6.20 ± 0.71 μUI/mL at week 12, p < 0.001, n = 6) and HOMA-IR index was observed (1.46 ± 0.29 to 0.91 ± 0.23 at week 24, p < 0.001, n = 5). The estimated cardiovascular risk after treatment was low for all patients (less than 10 %). A significant reduction in body weight (76.28 ± 6.62 kg to 69.14 ± 5.63 kg; p < 0.001), body mass index (26.41 ± 1.79 kg/m² to 24.05 ± 1.58 kg/m²; p = 0.001), and waist (87.40 ± 4.98 cm to 78.61 ± 3.94 cm; p < 0.001) and arm circumferences (32.12 ± 1.97 cm to 28.98 ± 1.30 cm; p < 0.001) was observed (n = 8), as well as reduction in fat mass (26.85 ± 3.15 g to 21.54 ± 2.64 g; p < 0.001) and fat free mass (48.01 ± 2.75 g to 46.60 ± 2.29 g; p < 0.001), n = 7. Adverse events were generally mild and treatable, with the following being the most common: headache (50 %), weakness (50 %), and gastrointestinal symptoms (37.5 %). Potentially atherogenic lipid profile changes were observed; however, improved glycemic control and reduced body weight and waist circumference demonstrated an improvement in cardiometabolic parameters. Framingham score and the QRISK3 showed lower cardiovascular disease risk for some of the patients. Our data suggests MAD could be an appropriate therapeutic choice for adults with pharmacoresistant epilepsies.

To investigate the association of spinal inflammation on MRI in patients with various clinical, functional and radiological outcomes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (SpA).

There is increasing use of marijuana during pregnancy, and online accounts indicate that women are considering use of marijuana for labour pain. However, the number and attitudes of women who would consider this are unknown.

Post-operative knee pain management has become a challenge to provide early relief and pain-free postoperative care to the patient. The major objectives of post-operative analgesic treatment are to reduce opioid requirements, post-operative pain, and adverse events related to opioid intake. This narrative review aimed to document post-operative analgesia techniques after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The traditional approach involved high-dose opioid-based regimen, though opioid is considered strong analgesic, but are associated with a number of unwanted side effects to seek for alternative techniques. The role of sciatic nerve block in TKA pain is doubtful. Femoral Nerve Block (FNB) is still considered as the gold standard; however, FNB is associated with quadriceps weakness and risk of fall and sciatic block with foot drop. To overcome these drawback more distal nerve block techniques has evolved, namely saphenous nerve block in adductor canal, selective tibial which are claimed to provide comparable analgesia to that of femoral and sciatic nerve block. The combination of pre-emptive and multi-modal analgesia and technically well-delivered regional nerve blocks and postoperative physical therapy are an essential component which not only minimize the side effects of traditional opioid-based analgesia but also speed up functional recovery, increases patient satisfaction, and reduces the overall length of hospitalization and cost.

Mental distress is a major public health problem which includes anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms such as sleeping problems, fatigue and headache. University students are consistently reported to have higher levels of mental distress compared to the general population. Although university students with mental distress have significantly impaired cognitive functioning, learning disabilities and poor academic performance, the burden of this problem in Tanzania is unknown. This study aimed to determine prevalence and factors associated with mental distress among undergraduate students in northern Tanzania.

To gain expert-judgement-free insight into the of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), by investigating its 'latent constructs' and to test how well these latent constructs fit the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria.

Dexamethasone is an effective antiemetic and may facilitate initial postoperative recovery after mastectomyWhether 24 mg is more effective than 8 mg remains unknown WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW: Dexamethasone (24 mg) did not increase the number of patients eligible to skip the postanesthetic care unitPain scores were low and nausea rare in both groupsDexamethasone (24 mg) was not preferable to 8 mg BACKGROUND:: Pain and nausea are the most common challenges in postoperative recovery after mastectomy. Preventive measures include multimodal analgesia with preoperative glucocorticoid. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 24 mg of preoperative dexamethasone was superior to 8 mg on early recovery after mastectomy in addition to a simple analgesic protocol.