Rejected

Ganglioneuromas (GNs) are hamartomatous tumors derived from the autonomic nervous system. GNs are frequently associated with neurofibromatosis-1 and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b and commonly present with constipation, abdominal pain, weight loss, obstruction, and gastrointestinal bleeding. We report a 40-year-old man with symptoms of chronic abdominal pain, weight loss, and diarrhea for 1 year. Imaging was suggestive of thickening of ileal wall with a stricture, and subsequent biopsy revealed intestinal GN. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an isolated intestinal GN masquerading as Crohn's disease.

Atopic dermatitis (AD), chronic eczema and pruritus hiemalis are a set of prevalent chronic xerotic skin disorders which share clinical features such as dryness, scales and pruritus. A ceramide deficiency and defective epidermal functions are common in these diseases. This study was designed to assess the effect of ceramide-linoleic acid (LA-Cer) containing moisturizer as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of AD, chronic eczema and pruritus hiemalis. In a 2-month study, patients with one of these three diseases were divided into two groups. The control group was treated with mometasone furoate (0.1%) cream (MF), while the treatment group received 0.1% MF in combination with an LA-Cer containing moisturizer. Capacitance (CAP), and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured in normal and lesional skin, along with Eczema Assessment Severity Index (EASI) and pruritus scores at weeks 0, 2, 4, 8. The results showed that tropical applications of an LA-Cer-containing moisturizer in combination with a topical glucocorticoid accelerated the reestablishment of epidermal permeability barrier and the amelioration of pruritus in patients with AD and pruritus hiemalis. However, it did not provide the same effect for chronic eczema. Thus, the efficacy of this combination therapy for this set of xerotic disorders requires further evaluation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Surgical treatment of migraine headaches involves avulsion or decompression of the affected peripheral nerves. One of the sites targeted is site II, the zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve. Although traditionally the procedure involved either an endoscopic or transpalpebral approach to access the nerve, both methods involve general anesthesia in an operating room. The senior authors developed a new technique to directly access the nerve by means of a transverse lateral canthal extension incision that can be performed under local anesthesia in an office setting. A cadaver dissection to assess safety and anatomical variability was performed with visualization and complete avulsion of the zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve in all cases, with no injury to surrounding structures. An office-based procedure for zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve compression can help reduce the risks and costs associated with a general anesthetic and can be used for patients with isolated migraines localized to the zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve or recurrent secondary triggers to that area. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: Therapeutic, V.

Piriformis pyomyositis is a rare form of purulent skeletal myositis. As previous studies concerning piriformis pyomyositis had lower level of evidence and no systematic review has been published yet, we performed a systematic search to review and describe causes, symptoms, red flags, and available treatment options for piriformis pyomyositis. Using PubMed and PubMed Central databases, we found 21 articles describing 23 cases of piriformis pyomyositis. Based on the retrieved information, alongside acute sciatica like buttock and/or hip pain, high-grade fever, aggressive deep seated gluteal pain, neurological deficit of sciatic nerve distribution, positive straight leg raising test, and raised inflammatory biomarkers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR, C-reactive protein, CRP) provide clues for diagnosis of piriformis pyomyositis. Some cases were very ill but no death was documented. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen, but Group A as well as Group β Streptococcus, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Brucella melitensis, and Escherichia coli were also involved in the disorder. To treat the piriformis pyomyositis, broad-spectrum antibiotics were found to be useful; however, sometimes, antibiotic switching was warranted based on blood and tissue aspirate reports. Drainage and/or surgical exploration of the affected piriformis muscle were required in cases where antibiotics appeared ineffective. Piriformis pyomyositis is a rara avis and performing of prospective studies will hardly be feasible.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of tDCS on pain score in women with Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP).

Pain is the main symptom of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Reports of the effects of moxibustion on patients with rheumatoid arthritis have reached various conclusions. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of moxibustion on pain in patients with RA.

Chronic inflammation and neuropathic pain are classified into chronic pain. Until now there are so many drugs that have been used for chronic pain but the effectiveness still lower. One of the plants that are commonly used for medicine in Indonesia is red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum). This study was aimed to analyze the component of red ginger oil and proved its antihyperalgesia potency in chronic pain using two models, inflammatory pain and neuropathy pain. Forty-eight mice were divided into 2 groups i.e. inflammatory and neuropathy. Each group was divided into 6 subgroups (@4 mice) i.e. for inflammatory model (sham, negative control, red ginger oil doses 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) and for neuropathy model (sham, negative control, red ginger oil doses 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg). Inflammatory model was induced using Completed Freud's Adjuvant (CFA) 40 ml intraplantar. Neuropathy model was induced using Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation (PSNL). At day-7, all groups were given orally treatment, once daily for seven days. The latency time toward thermal stimulus and plantar thickness were measured at day 0,1,3,5,7,8,10,12 and 14 after induction. Quality of red ginger oil was standardized by Indonesia standard (SNI 06-1312-1998). The red ginger oil compound was identified by GC/MS. The result showed that red ginger oil was qualified based on SNI 06-1312-1998. Red ginger oil 200 mg/kgBW and 400mg/kgBW administration in mice gave the best result in prolong the latency time toward thermal stimulus using hot plate and significantly different with inflammatory and neuropathy group. From GC/MS analysis, camphene was known as the highest compound of red ginger oil that might be important for its antihyperalgesia effect. The conclusion of this study that red ginger oil have antihyperalgesia activity in mice with chronic pain and could be developed further to be antihyperalgesia.

This study aimed to investigate the aspects of physical complications and sequelae of living liver donors in the context of the Korean culture. A deeper understanding of these experiences will provide basic data necessary for medical management programs for living liver donors and for those expecting to become living liver donors.