Rejected

To determine the effect of multimedia training on pain intensity and depression in patients with chronic low back pain.

A 72-year-old woman with a nontraumatic spinal cord injury developed eschar on her lower right back. An underlying abscess was identified, which upon surgical debridement left a large wound extending down to the hip bone. In addition, the hip suffered from chronic osteomyelitis and was exposed at the bottom of the wound. The wound was initially treated for 5 weeks with Manuka honey but deteriorated further. Next, micropore particle technology (MPPT) was used. It cleared the wound of necrotic tissue based on autolytic debridement and removed the soft tissue infection; over a 3-month period, the wound reduced 50% in volume. Treatment approach was changed to polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and was applied as a gel once every second day to the wound. After 6 days, it was observed to cause tissue degeneration, disruption of the structure of the exposed bone, and the appearance of froth coming through the hip bone. A pain syndrome developed and the use of PHMB was terminated on day 10. After a wash-out period, the use of MPPT was reinitiated. Over the following 8 months, MPPT continued to control the infectious debris coming from the hip bone and promote healing without affecting the bone or causing side effects.

Opioid-based postoperative analgesia provides adequate analgesia with much adverse effects and immunosuppression. Dexmedetomidine and ketorolac have properties of opioid-sparing, antiinflammation, and immune protection.

This introductory article to the special issue on psychotherapy and HIV provides an overview of the state of HIV intervention research, recommendations for future psychotherapy practice, and an emphasis on how psychotherapy researchers focusing on HIV should move away from the typical public health model. We provide information about how historical bias impacts HIV clinical decision-making now. In addition, we include an analysis of how public health definitions of intervention research have limited psychotherapy research-specifically the importance of common factors and process-oriented components in psychotherapy. In this introductory article, we highlight the 13 articles that comprise the 5 following sections included in the special issue: (a) General Guidelines for Psychotherapy Practice for People With HIV, (b) HIV Stigma in Psychotherapy Process and Techniques, (c) Sexual Functioning and Romantic Relationships for People with HIV, (d) A Focus on Specific Disorders (Chronic Pain and Trauma) Comorbid With HIV, and (e) A Focus on Specific Populations (Adolescents and South African Populations). We conclude by offering recommendations to researchers to focus on the sociocultural context for clients with HIV and for psychotherapists to use an intersectional approach in their work with clients with HIV. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Intervention adherence and trial retention are challenging for clinical trials testing intensive behavioral interventions. Operational constraints or trial designs may preclude using effective retention strategies such as financial incentives. We examined whether implementing pre-enrollment orientation sessions was associated with higher intervention adherence and retention in a pragmatic clinical trial.

An 80-year-old man with atrial fibrillation, hypertension, osteoarthritis status post bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty and right hip arthroplasty, recent diagnosis of dementia, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), was admitted with fever, joint pain, and weakness. Prior to his first admission for these symptoms, he had been living independently at home with his wife and exercised multiple times weekly. Two months prior to the current hospitalization, he had an admission to another hospital for acute functional decline with leg weakness that had developed over the course of around two weeks, altered mental status with episodes of confusion, and fever to 102.2 degrees Fahrenheit.

This study analyzed the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with low-level laser therapy on nociceptive behavior and neuronal activity in the trigeminal nucleus after experimental unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc injury. The animals were divided into 4 groups (n = 10 each): group 1, surgical injury of the articular disc and PBM; group 2, sham-operated subjected to PBM; group 3, surgical injury of the articular disc; and group 4, control (Naïve). Ten sessions of PBM were performed using GaAs laser with a wavelength of 904 nm, power of 75 W pico, average power of 0.043 W, area of the beam of 0.13 cm, duration of the pulses of 60 nseg (in the frequency of 9500 Hz), energy density of 5.95 J/cm, energy per point of 0.7 J, and power density of 333.8 mW/cm, and the irradiation was done for 18 s per point. Neuropathic symptoms were evaluated using the von Frey test. Trigeminal ganglion samples underwent immunoblotting to examine the expression of substance P, vanilloid transient potential receptor of subtype-1 (TRPV-1), and peptide related to the calcitonin gene (CGRP). There was a total decrease in pain sensitivity after the second session of PBM in operated animals, and this decrease remains until the last session. There was a significant decrease in the expression of SP, TRPV-1, and CGRP after PBM. Photobiomodulation therapy was effective in reducing nociceptive behavior and trigeminal nucleus neuronal activity after TMJ disc injury.

Recent research has demonstrated an association between obesity and migraine headaches. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that migraine improvement can occur with significant weight loss. Given that bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention for obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, there is potential for bariatric surgery to improve migraine symptoms. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of bariatric surgery on migraine headaches.

Chronic postoperative inguinodynia is a challenging long-term complication after inguinal hernia repair. Surgery may be an option for patients who are refractory to non-operative measures. We aim to evaluate the short-term outcomes of surgical treatment for chronic inguinodynia at our institution.