Rejected

Hydrocephalus is a chronic medical condition that has a significant impact on children and their caregivers. The objective of this study was to measure the quality of life (QOL) of children with hydrocephalus, as assessed by both caregivers and patients.

Evidence concerning a systematic, comprehensive injury risk assessment in the elite swimming population is scarce.

Although lung-protective strategies are widely used in thoracic surgery, postoperative atelectasis can still occur. Both lung ultrasound (LUS) and diaphragmatic excursion assessments are accurate and noninvasive for bedside imaging and examination. This study aimed to test the feasibility of using LUS during the perioperative period of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and to continuously evaluate aeration changes through LUS examination and diaphragmatic excursion assessment.

To provide information on clinical, virological and molecular epidemiological characteristics for early identification, diagnosis and treatment of acute HIV infection (AHI).

Chronic neck pain is known to be associated with neck muscle weakness. However, many strengthening programs do not target multi-directional weakness in a functional position. Specialised assessment and treatment technology that is able to strengthen the neck muscles in an upright position may be used to achieve this. There is little research available on the efficacy of neck-specific progressive resistance exercise interventions in patients with chronic neck pain; therefore, this study aimed to determine whether this style of program led to a change in pain and disability, and to investigate the relationship between neck strength, pain and disability.

To determine the prevalence of occult microscopic endometriosis in patients with chronic pelvic pain and negative laparoscopy.

Although many people are satisfied with their outcome after total knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis, around 20% report chronic post-surgical pain. People are often disappointed and unsure about whether their pain is normal and what can be done about it. Given the high prevalence of long-term post-operative pain after knee replacement, there is potentially a large hidden population with an unaddressed need for care.

Vertical semicircular canals and endolymphatic hydrops play important roles in the pathophysiological mechanisms of Ménière disease. However, their characteristics and associations with disease progression during medical treatment have not been determined.

In the perioperative period, intravenous lidocaine has been used as an opioid-sparing systemic analgesic with additional anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic properties.

The ICH E9(R1) addendum states that the strategy to account for intercurrent events should be included when defining an estimand, the treatment effect to be estimated based on the study objective. The estimator used to assess the treatment effect needs to be aligned with the estimand that accounted for intercurrent events. Regardless of the strategy, missing data resulting from patient premature withdrawal could undermine the robustness of the study results. Informative censoring due to dropouts in an events-based study is one such example. Sensitivity analyses using imputation methods are useful to examine the uncertainty due to informative censoring and address the robustness and strength of the study results.