Rejected

To analyze the effect of continuous midwifery services on the delivery mode, labor progress, and primiparas' nursing satisfaction levels during natural deliveries.

This work aimed to study consequences of medical interventions in connection with birth on infant pre-feeding and feeding behaviors and on maternal oxytocin levels in connection with a breastfeed 2 days later. Mothers and their full-term newborns ( = 41) were videotaped during a breastfeed 2 days after birth. Duration and quality of rooting [Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT)] were assessed. Maternal blood samples were collected, oxytocin levels were analyzed, and mean oxytocin level and variance were calculated. Data on medical interventions during birth, number of breastfeedings, and infant weight loss since birth were recorded. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models. The duration of infant rooting was significantly shorter when the mother had received epidural analgesia. The shorter the duration of infant rooting, the more often infants had breastfed and the greater was the infant weight loss since birth. Mothers with epidural analgesia oxytocin had the lowest oxytocin mean levels in connection with a breastfeed. Oxytocin variance correlated positively with quality of rooting and correlated negatively with infant weight loss. In the control group alone, we found similar patterns of associations with oxytocin levels. Epidural analgesia and epidural analgesia oxytocin infusion in connection with birth negatively influenced infant rooting behavior and maternal mean oxytocin levels, respectively. Oxytocin infusion alone was without effect. The data also suggest that infants who suck well stimulate oxytocin release more efficiently, as expressed by a high oxytocin variance, leading to a better stimulation of milk production and consequently to a reduced infant weight loss 2 days after birth.

The semi-sitting position is well known to neurosurgeons. However, there are few reports of microvascular decompression surgery for glossopharyngeal neuralgia performed using the semi-sitting position. The semi-sitting position is not widely adopted in Japan, but it is considered to be a very useful neurosurgical position. Microvascular decompression surgery for glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a relatively rare procedure, and the semi-sitting position is very effective, considering the possibility of intraoperative cardiac arrest and postoperative complications of lower cranial nerve palsy. This report describes two cases of glossopharyngeal neuralgia operated in the semi-sitting position. Microvascular decompression was performed on both patients, and postoperative pain controls were good and no complications were observed. We show that the use of the semi-sitting position to perform microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia provides an excellent surgical view of the brainstem.

Neuroendocrine manifestations are common in Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) patients. ECD is a rare non-Langerhans form of histiocytosis with multisystemic infiltration. The involvement of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis is common and central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is one of the most common endocrine manifestations in ECD patients. CDI is the first manifestation of ECD in 25%-48% of the cases. Suprasellar region extension, due to the infiltration of ECD lesions, can cause neurologic manifestations by mass effects, such as headache, visual disturbance, and cranial nerve palsies. Recent studies have revealed that disorders affecting anterior pituitary hormones are common in ECD patients. Secondary adrenal insufficiency, secondary hypothyroidism, (adult) growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, and hypoprolactinemia can develop as the neuroendocrine manifestations of ECD. Since the symptoms of anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies tend to be nonspecific, the diagnosis of anterior pituitary hormone dysfunctions can be delayed. Some anterior pituitary dysfunctions such as adrenocorticotropic hormone and/or thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiencies can be life-threatening without adequate hormone supplementation therapies. An endocrinological evaluation of the function of the pituitary gland should be performed at the initial diagnosis of ECD. It is important to recognize that endocrine dysfunctions can develop later during the follow-up of ECD.

Animal models are valid for research on the pathophysiological process and drug screening of gout arthritis. Intra-articular injection of monosodium urate (MSU) is the most common method, while stable MSU deposition enveloped by inflammatory cells was rarely reported.

Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells and are widely distributed throughout the body. MCs are not only classically viewed as effector cells of some allergic diseases but also participate in host defense, innate and acquired immunity, homeostatic responses, and immunoregulation. Mounting evidence indicates that activation of MCs releasing numerous vasoactive and inflammatory mediators has effects on the nervous system and has been involved in different pain conditions. Here, we review the latest advances made about the implication of MCs in pain. Possible cellular and molecular mechanisms regarding the crosstalk between MC and the nervous system in the initiation and maintenance of pain are also discussed.

COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic with many challenges that are now extending to its intriguing long-term sequel. 'Long-COVID-19' is a term given to the lingering or protracted illness that patients of COVID-19 continue to experience even in their post-recovery phase. It is also being called 'post-acute COVID-19', 'ongoing symptomatic COVID-19', 'chronic COVID-19', 'post COVID-19 syndrome', and 'long-haul COVID-19'. Fatigue, dyspnea, cough, headache, brain fog, anosmia, and dysgeusia are common symptoms seen in Long-COVID-19, but more varied and debilitating injuries involving pulmonary, cardiovascular, cutaneous, musculoskeletal and neuropsychiatric systems are also being reported. With the data on Long-COVID-19 still emerging, the present review aims to highlight its epidemiology, protean clinical manifestations, risk predictors, and management strategies. With the re-emergence of new waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection, Long-COVID-19 is expected to produce another public health crisis on the heels of current pandemic. Thus, it becomes imperative to emphasize this condition and disseminate its awareness to medical professionals, patients, the public, and policymakers alike to prepare and augment health care facilities for continued surveillance of these patients. Further research comprising cataloging of symptoms, longer-ranging observational studies, and clinical trials are necessary to evaluate long-term consequences of COVID-19, and it warrants setting-up of dedicated, post-COVID care, multi-disciplinary clinics, and rehabilitation centers.

COVID 19 is the most recent cause of Adult respiratory distress syndrome ARDS. Invasive mechanical ventilation IMV can support gas exchange in patients failing non-invasive ventilation, but its reported outcome is highly variable between countries. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on IMV for COVID-associated ARDS to study its outcome among different countries.

Sodium hyaluronate/chondroitin sulfate fixed combination plays an essential role in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, a multifactorial disease accompanied by ocular symptoms like alteration of the tear film. Despite low or no absorption of such drugs, these can cause secondary effects. An essential tool in the study of medication behavior is active pharmacovigilance. Unlike spontaneous reporting pharmacovigilance, this tool allows an appraisal of adverse drug reactions (ADRs)' real incidence, a higher capacity to identify safety signals, the relationship with concomitant drugs and pathologies prevalent in the study population. This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and identify and/or assess adverse reactions in an uncontrolled population.

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a rare complication of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Clinically, the presentation has overlapping symptoms of both diseases, with lightheadedness or syncope when moving from a supine to a standing position as well as blood clots, headache, or pregnancy complications in women. This case presentation involves a 39-year-old patient identified as female who has been diagnosed with POTS and elevated anticardiolipin antibodies.