Rejected

Even though serotonin (5-HT) has been ascribed immunomodulatory features, very little is known about its role in chronic inflammatory diseases. Serotonin is implicated in inflammation and increased levels have been associated with progression of bone erosions in RA.

With the advances in endoscopic technology, endoscopy is widely used in many neurosurgical procedures, such as microvascular decompression, which is an effective method to treat glossopharyngeal neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, and facial spasm. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of fully endoscopic microvascular decompression in the treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia. We managed a patient with glossopharyngeal neuralgia in our department, whose main clinical manifestation was recurrent left ear and facial pain for 3 years. The patient underwent a fully endoscopic microvascular decompression. The pain in the left ear and face was significantly relieved postoperatively, and there was no recurrence at the 6-month follow-up evaluation. We describe a case of glossopharyngeal neuralgia that was successfully treated by fully endoscopic microvascular decompression, which showed that endoscopy has advantages in microvascular decompression, and fully endoscopic microvascular decompression is an effective method for glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

Chronic osteomyelitis is the bane of orthopedics. Along with being difficult to treat for surgeons, it also impacts the patient's life immensely, severely restricting their life in all the aspects. Treatment with antibiotic coated cement spacers, which are removed after a duration of 6-8 weeks for the definitive surgery, is a frequently done procedure in conjunction with an adequate debridement of the necrotic tissues and prolonged IV antibiotics. We report a case of acute osteomyelitis superimposed on the chronic osteomyelitis of the left proximal humerus.

One possible consequence of dentoalveolar trauma is the development of external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR), which represents an anatomic and microbiologic challenge for clinicians. This case report describes different strategies implemented for successful endodontic management of teeth with multiple EIRR lesions, highlighting the orthograde root canal filling using a tricalcium silicate-based material (Biodentine, Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France). A 17-year-old female patient presented with severe pain in the anterior maxillary teeth and a history of trauma. Two- and three-dimensional radiographic exams confirmed EIRR in three teeth, with a total of 11 EIRR lesions, three exhibiting communication with the root canal. Therefore, chemo-mechanical preparation complemented by ultrasonic activation of irrigants and some changes of intra-canal dressing with calcium hydroxide were performed to reduce the microbiologic load of the affected teeth as much as possible. Then, the canals were entirely filled with Biodentine to interrupt the root resorption process and strengthen the remaining root structure. A 60-month follow-up showed the disappearance of bone rarefactions and the complete repair of the 11 EIRR lesions. The favorable long-term response indicates the feasibility of using tricalcium silicate-based putty as part of orthograde endodontic treatment of teeth with EIRR and root perforations.

Despite the clinical effectiveness of the programmed intermittent bolus (PIB) method for epidural analgesia, evidence for this method in continuous interscalene brachial plexus block (CIBPB) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pain relief effect after arthroscopic shoulder surgery according to the administration method by comparing the PIB and continuous infusion methods among the administration methods of local anesthetics.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality rates as well as poor response to treatment. Local combined systemic therapy is widely used in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular cancer (uHCC). This retrospective study was to investigate the prognostic effect and prognostic factors of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of uHCC. A retrospective analysis of 171 patients with uHCC was performed in our hospital from April 27, 2015 to October 18, 2021. According to different treatment options, patients were divided into TACE group (n=45), TACE+TKI group (n=76) and TACE+TKI+ICIs group (n=50). In this study, we found that, the median overall survival (mOS) of TACE+TKI+ICIs group was significantly better than TACE+TKI group and TACE group [24.1 (95% CI 15.1-33.1) months vs 14.9 (95% CI 10.7-19.1) months vs 11.4 (95% CI 8.4-14.5) months, hazard ratio (HR) 0.62; 95% CI 0.47-0.81; P=0.002]. A visible difference in the median progression-free survival (mPFS) interval between the groups was discovered [10.6 (95% CI6.5-14.7) months in TACE+TKI+ICIs group vs. 6.7 (95% CI 5.5-7.9) months in the TACE+TKI group vs. 6 (95% CI 2.3-9.7) months in the TACE group (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.53-0.83; P<0.001)]. The objective response rates (ORR) in the TACE group, TACE+TKI group, and TACE+TKI+ICIs group were 31.1%, 35.5%, and 42%, and the disease control rate (DCR) were 51.1%, 65.8%, and 80%. There were no adverse events (AEs) of arthralgia, diarrhea, rash, and pruritus in the TACE group. The incidence of grade 3 AEs (Hypertension) in the TACE+TKI+ICIs group was significantly higher than that in TACE+TKI and TACE groups (28% vs 17.1% vs 6.7%, P=0.024), and secondly, the morbidity of rash and pruritus in the TACE+TKI+ICIs group was apparently higher than that in the TACE+TKI group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG-PS 2 (HR=2.064, 95%CI 1.335-3.191, P=0.001), Hepatitis B virus (HR=2.539, 95%CI 1.291-4.993, P=0.007), AFP≥400 ng/ml (HR= 1.72, 95%CI 1.12-2.643, P=0.013), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥2.195 (HR=1.669, 95%CI 1.073-2.597, P=0.023) were independent risk factors for OS in uHCC patients. So, TACE+TKI+ICIs therapy can prolong the OS and improve the prognosis of patients effectively, with a well-characterized safety profile.

Cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, may adversely affect gastrointestinal (GI), physical and mental health in survivors of cancer.

Depressive symptoms play an essential role in cognition decline, while the benefit and acceptability of treatments for depressive symptoms in cognitive impairment are still unknown.

Post-acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome, also known as long COVID, is a prolonged illness after the acute phase of COVID-19. Hospitalized patients were known to have persisting symptoms of fatigue, headache, dyspnea, and anosmia. There is a need to describe the characteristics of individuals with post-COVID-19 symptoms in comparison to the baseline characteristics.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD traits. In addition, women's prognosis after coronary events and revascularizations is worse than in men. As the course of CVD in women differs from that of men, we performed a phenome-wide analysis on the sex differences in CABG -related morbidity and mortality.