Rejected

Although laparoscopic incisional hernia repair, especially laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh, is a widely used technique, it can cause serious complications, including mesh erosion, adhesive bowel obstruction, and chronic pain. The enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) technique has been reported to prevent such complications by placing the mesh in the retrorectus space. Here, we report the case of a patient with post-robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) incisional hernia repaired using the eTEP technique.

Low-energy shock wave (LESW) therapy is known to facilitate tissue regeneration with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. LESW treatment has been demonstrated to be effective in treating chronic prostatitis and pelvic pain syndrome as well as overactive bladder, and it has a potential effect on interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) in humans. LESW reduces pain behavior, downregulates nerve growth factor expression, and suppresses bladder overactivity by decreasing the expression of inflammatory proteins. Previous rat IC models have shown that LESW can increase urothelial permeability, facilitate intravesical delivery of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A), and block acetic acid-induced hyperactive bladder, suggesting that LESW might be a potential therapeutic module for relieving bladder inflammatory conditions, such as bladder oversensitivity, IC/BPS, and overactive bladder. A recent clinical trial showed that LESW monotherapy was associated with a significant reduction in pain scores and IC symptoms. BoNT-A detrusor injection or liposome-encapsulated BoNT-A instillation could also inhibit inflammation and improve IC symptoms. However, BoNT-A injection requires anesthesia and certain complications might occur. Our preliminary study using LESW plus intravesical BoNT-A instillation every week demonstrated an improvement in global response assessment without any adverse events. Moreover, an immunohistochemistry study revealed the presence of cleaved SNAP25 protein in the suburothelium of IC bladder tissue, indicating that BoNT-A could penetrate across the urothelial barrier after application of LESW. These results provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of this novel IC/BPS treatment by LESW plus BoNT-A instillation, without anesthesia, and no bladder injection. This article reviews the current evidence on LESW and LESW plus intravesical therapeutic agents on bladder disorders and the pathophysiology and pharmacological mechanism of this novel, minimally invasive treatment model for IC/BPS.

Determine if intravenous iron for antenatal anemia is associated with reduced incidence of postnatal depression (PND) within 12 months.

Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a relatively common, benign bone-forming tumour, which mainly occurs on the long tubular bones of the limbs in adolescents. Usually, the OO is classified based on its localisation. Night-time pain is the major symptom of OO, which is commonly relieved using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, while surgery is required only for those patients with severe pain or in case of failure of previous conservative treatments. Our case report describes a 56-year-old male basketball player who self-referred to our outpatient physical therapy with a shoulder pain complaint. Considering the anamnesis and the physical examination, the physical therapist referred the patient to an orthopaedic surgeon, who suggested a detailed imaging investigation. The peculiarity of this clinical case is the overlapping of two clinical presentations: the symptomatology of the OO and the concurrent mechanical disorder due to a rotator cuff tendinopathy.

This retrospective study aimed to verify the outcomes of stabilising occlusal splint therapy prescribed to 22 patients with unilateral definite Ménière's disease and comorbid temporomandibular joint disorder.

The clinical outcomes of this first-in-human (FIH) study provide safety and performance results 1 year after implantation of the VenoValve.

Our main aim was to investigate the short-term thera-peutic effects, safety/tolerability of natural compound, composed of melatonin (1,5 mg) and cannabis extracts (2.5 mg CBD) in patients with sleep disorders.

Sumatriptan (ST) is used for the treatment of migraine and cluster headaches. However, it exhibits low oral bioavailability (15%) due to the high first-pass metabolism. The aim of this work was to formulate an ST rectal hydrogel. Hydrogels were formulated according to a Box-Behnken design using pluronic F-127 (PF-127) and chitosan as thermogelling and mucoadhesive agents, respectively. The rectal permeability was examined using a sheep rectal mucosa. Among all the formulations, the hydrogel S2 showed satisfactory drug content (4.50%), gelling temperature (32°C), pH (6.41), viscosity (105 cP) and strength (15.90 sec). Mucoadhesive strength was adequate to provide a prolonged residence time. The flux of hydrogel S2 was calculated to be 0.0003 μg/cm.min. The ST hydrogel can provide a potential opportunity to overcome the first pass metabolism and reduce drug dose.

Intradermal therapy (mesotherapy) is a technique used to inject drugs into the surface layer of the skin. The intradermal micro deposit allows to modulate the kinetics of drugs, slowing down its absorption and prolonging the local mechanism of action. This technique is applied in the treatment of some forms of localized pain when a systemic drug-saving effect is useful, when it is necessary to synergize with other pharmacological or non-pharmacological thera-pies, when other therapies have failed or cannot be used.