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Central sensitivity (CS) is defined as an increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system to normal or subthreshold inputs. CS has recently been linked to the psychological […]
Neuropathic pain can be caused by multiple factors, and its prevalence can reach 10% of the global population. It is becoming increasingly evident that limited or short-lasting response to treatments […]
Fibromyalgia (FM) remains a condition with a pathogenesis that is not completely understood, affecting a significant portion of the global population. This article summarises the main advances in FM during […]
A film-forming system (FFS) represents a convenient topical dosage form for drug delivery. In this study, a non-commercial poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was chosen to formulate an FFS containing salicylic acid […]
Acute pain management remains a challenge and postoperative pain is often undermanaged despite many available treatment options, also including cannabinoids.
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a highly debilitating facial pain condition. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the main method for generating insights into the central mechanisms of TN pain in humans. […]
Since the advent of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), advances in technology have allowed for improvement and treatment of various conditions, especially chronic pain. Additionally, as the system has developed, the […]
Existing evidence suggests that the composition of the gut microbiota is associated with neuropathic pain (NP), but the mechanistic link is elusive. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) has been shown […]
Physiological pain serves as a warning of exposure to danger and prompts us to withdraw from noxious stimuli to prevent tissue damage. Pain can also alert us of an infection […]
The transmembrane glycoprotein OX40 receptor (OX40) and its ligand, OX40L, are instrumental modulators of the adaptive immune response in humans. OX40 functions as a costimulatory molecule that promotes T cell […]