Accepted

The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) pathway is a critical focus in the pathophysiology of several headache disorders. PACAP influences headache pathophysiology through interactions with distinct receptors (PAC, VPAC, and […]

Many wounds can be challenging to manage because of pain and poor angiogenesis. An ideal treatment for such wounds would be a gel that can induce angiogenesis to accelerate wound […]

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating chronic condition characterized by pelvic pain and urinary disturbances, making its diagnosis challenging due to overlapping symptoms with various lower urinary tract […]

Acute pain, a critical aspect of patient care, presents a challenge due to its subjective nature and complex biological underpinnings. Biomarkers for acute pain promise a paradigm shift in how […]

Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with inflammatory responses linked to microglial polarisation within the central nervous system. However, exploring therapeutic approaches and their underlying mechanisms remains a direction for future research. […]

Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent and disabling condition, significantly burdens individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. It is characterized by joint pain, stiffness, and structural changes in cartilage, bone, and synovium. The […]

Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a gene encoding a nonselective cation channel responsive to cold stimuli, has been implicated in migraine susceptibility. Despite this association, the role of TRPM8 […]

As basis for evidence-based analgesia refinement, species-specific pharmacokinetic and tolerability profiles of carprofen were determined in rats for least aversive administration routes and prolonged treatment. Further, potential influence on behavioral […]

Enhanced activity of inhibitory neurons, which is often used to suppress behaviors of pyramidal neurons to treat brain diseases, whereas can enhance spiking to a mixed-mode bursting (MMB) in recent […]