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Biomarkers of Migraine: An Integrated Evaluation of Preclinical and Clinical Findings.

In recent years, numerous efforts have been made to identify reliable biomarkers useful in migraine diagnosis and progression or associated with the response to a specific treatment. The purpose of […]

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The Effect of Ketamine on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Rats with Neuropathic Pain.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in rats with neuropathic pain (NP). NP was induced in rats […]

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Ozone in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy-Current State of Art, Possibilities, and Perspectives.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most detrimental toxicity to a patient’s quality of life. Pathophysiological mechanisms involved in CIPN pathogenesis are complex, multifactorial, and only partially examined. […]

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The Similar and Distinct Roles of Satellite Glial Cells and Spinal Astrocytes in Neuropathic Pain.

Preclinical studies have identified glial cells as pivotal players in the genesis and maintenance of neuropathic pain after nerve injury associated with diabetes, chemotherapy, major surgeries, and virus infections. Satellite […]

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Endometriosis: Update of Pathophysiology, (Epi) Genetic and Environmental Involvement.

Endometriosis is a chronic disease caused by ectopic endometrial tissue. Endometriotic implants induce inflammation, leading to chronic pain and impaired fertility. Characterized by their dependence on estradiol (via estrogen receptor […]

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Non-Invasive Electric and Magnetic Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia.

Although fibromyalgia is defined by its core muscular nociceptive component, it also includes multiple dysfunctions that involve the musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, as well as the central and peripheral nervous […]

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Pruritogenic Mediators and New Antipruritic Drugs in Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common highly pruritic chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting 5-20% of children worldwide, while the prevalence in adults varies from 7 to 10%. Patients with AD […]

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The Downregulation of Opioid Receptors and Neuropathic Pain.

Neuropathic pain (NP) refers to pain caused by primary or secondary damage or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of […]

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Blocking prokineticin receptors attenuates synovitis and joint destruction in collagen-induced arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by an interdependent network of proinflammatory molecules such as chemokines. Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a chemokine-like peptide that modulates nociceptive threshold […]

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Investigating Vitamin D Receptor Genetic Markers in a Cluster Headache Meta-Analysis.

Patients diagnosed with the primary headache disorder known as cluster headache (CH) commonly report that their headache attacks occur in patterns of both circadian and seasonal rhythmicity. Vitamin D is […]

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