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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with an impaired immune system that severely affects the spinal cord and brain, and which is marked by progressive inflammatory demyelination. Patients with MS may […]
Many countries have high opioid use among people with chronic non-cancer pain. Knowledge about effective interventions that could be implemented at scale is limited. We designed a national intervention that […]
Opioid medications are the mainstay of pain management but present substantial side-effects such as respiratory depression which can be lethal with overdose. Most opioid drugs, such as fentanyl, act on […]
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects from children to adults widely, presenting symptoms such as pruritus, erythema, scaling, and dryness. Lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, has […]
The prevalence of chronic pain is high in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), increasing the risk for opioid use. The objective of this study was to assess disease-modifying antirheumatic drug […]
Two derivatives of the numeric rating scale (NRS) and visual analog scale (VAS), namely patient-reported percentage pain reduction (PRPPR) and calculated percentage pain reduction (CPPR), are commonly used when evaluating […]
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) presents with an array of symptoms that can vary from child to child, making it difficult to diagnose and differentiate from other pain conditions such […]
The discovery of post-operative, chronic inflammatory pain and any gastroulcerogenic potential using well-established animal models with new structures, high efficiency, broad-spectrum, and low toxicity has been the focus of medicinal […]
Targeting metabolic pathways has emerged as a new migraine treatment strategy as researchers realize the critical role metabolism plays in migraine. Activated inflammatory cells undergo metabolic reprogramming and rely on […]