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The relationship between migraines and allergies is controversial. Though they are epidemiologically linked, the underlying pathophysiological connection between them remains unclear. Migraines and allergic disorders have various underlying genetic and […]
Learn More >Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 3 (TRPV3) is an ion channel with a sensory function that is most abundantly expressed in keratinocytes and peripheral neurons. TRPV3 plays a role in […]
Learn More >Microglia are glial cells centrally related to pathophysiology and neuroimmunological regulation of pain through microglia-neuron crosstalk mechanisms. In contrast, anti-inflammatory mechanisms guided by immunological effectors such as IL-10 trigger the […]
Learn More >Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) nowadays has indications for several solid tumors. The current targets for ICIs are CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 receptors. Despite the clinical advantages derived from […]
Learn More >Painful peripheral neuropathy (PPN) is a debilitating condition with varied etiologies. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is increasingly used when conservative treatments fail to provide adequate pain relief. Few published reviews […]
Learn More >Zavegepant is a third generation, small-molecule, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist being developed by Pfizer, under a license from Bristol-Myers Squibb, for the prevention and treatment of chronic and […]
Learn More >Synaptic plasticity such as Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a key mechanism for learning in central synapses including the cortex. There are two least two major forms of LTPs: presynaptic LTP […]
Learn More >Diabetic neuropathy (DN) causes neuropathic pain, and current treatments are unsatisfactory. Recently studies have demonstrated an assertive correlation between gut microbiota and pain modulation.
Learn More >The capacity of animals to react to unpleasant stimuli that might endanger their integrity is known as nociception. Pharmacological treatments do not show satisfactory results in response to nociception. In […]
Learn More >Chronic pain is a common and debilitating condition with a huge social and economic burden worldwide. Currently, available drugs in clinics are not adequately effective and possess a variety of […]
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