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CB cannabinoid receptor activation suppresses pathological pain in animal models. CB agonists show promise as therapeutic agents because they lack unwanted side effects commonly associated with direct activation of CB […]
Learn More >Background Opioids are efficacious and safe analgesic drugs in short-term use for acute pain but chronic use can lead to tolerance and dependence. Opioid-induced microglial activation may contribute to the […]
Learn More >MOTS-c, a recently discovered mitochondrial-derived peptide, plays an important role in many physiological and pathological functions adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that AMPK is an […]
Learn More >Migraine, especially chronic migraine, is highly debilitating and still lacks effective treatment. The persistent headache arises from activation and sensitization of primary afferent neurons in the trigeminovascular pathway, but the […]
Learn More >Patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) undergo structural changes of the paraspinal muscles; however, it is unclear if functional changes also occur. This study aimed to examine the metabolic […]
Learn More >Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the biliary tree. The majority of PSC patients suffer from concomitant inflammatory […]
Learn More >Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease caused by immune dysfunction, specifically the hyperactivation of Th2. AD is a complex disease with multiple factors contributing to its development; […]
Learn More >SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects occurring after acute infection, termed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. […]
Learn More >Pain with bladder filling remains an unexplained clinical presentation with limited treatment options. Here, we aim to establish the clinical significance of bladder filling pain using a standardized test and […]
Learn More >Pain associated with bone cancer remains poorly managed, and chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat cancer usually increase pain. The discovery of dual-acting drugs that reduce cancer and produce analgesia is […]
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