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To assess the safety and efficacy of external trigeminal neurostimulation (e-TNS) as an add-on treatment in chronic migraine (CM) prophylaxis. A prospective observational open-label study was conducted on CM patients […]
Learn More >The neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) have emerged as mediators of migraine pathogenesis. Both are vasodilatory peptides that can cause migraine-like attacks when infused […]
Learn More >Many resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies have explored abnormal regional spontaneous brain activity in migraine. However, these results are inconsistent. To identify the consistent regions with abnormal neural […]
Learn More >Non-cephalgic symptoms including orthostatic intolerance, fatigue, and cognitive impairment, are common in patients with chronic headache disorders and may result from alterations in the autonomic nervous system. However, little is […]
Learn More >In the study by Johnston et al., gepants were meant to be taken to treat emergent migraine. It is tempting to speculate what the effect would be if patients were […]
Learn More >Migraine is a complicated neurological disorder affecting 6% of men and 18% of women worldwide. Various mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, altered mitochondrial function, neurotransmitter disturbances, cortical hyperexcitability, genetic factors, […]
Learn More >Primary headache disorders can be remarkably disabling and the therapeutic options available are usually limited to medication with a high rate of adverse events. Here, we discuss the mechanism of […]
Learn More >Recently, the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has gained more attention in migraine-related research. The involvement of the TRPA1 receptor in migraine headaches is proposed by the fact that […]
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Zavegepant for the acute treatment of migraine: look before leaping.