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Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common rheumatologic disorder characterised by widespread muscular pain. Myalgia is also a common clinical feature in Connective Tissue Disease (CTD), and FM should be studied for […]
Learn More >Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by an interdependent network of proinflammatory molecules such as chemokines. Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a chemokine-like peptide that modulates nociceptive threshold […]
Learn More >Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term disorder that significantly impairs somatic, emotional, and psychological functioning. The objective of this review is to identify, appraise, and synthesize the effects of psychological […]
Learn More >Chronic stress causes several pain conditions including fibromyalgia. Its pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown, and the therapy is unresolved. Since the involvement of interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been described in stress and […]
Learn More >Axial symptoms (i.e., back pain) are common in the general population. At the same time 25-70% of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) exhibit signs of inflammatory axial involvement (axial PsA). […]
Learn More >Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show a good property for pain treatment by modulating inflammatory response. However, the underlying therapeutic effect and related mechanism of BMSCs on inflammatory pain […]
Learn More >Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain sensitivity syndrome characterized by diffuse musculoskeletal pain and many other systemic manifestations. Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) has been increasingly used as an off-label treatment option […]
Learn More >Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. Abnormal pain sensation is a common clinical symptom of ASD that seriously affects the quality of life of patients with ASD […]
Learn More >Inflammatory pain is induced by trauma, infection, chemical stimulation, etc. It causes severe physical and psychological agony to patients. Celastrol has powerful anti-inflammatory property and has achieved good results in […]
Learn More >Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and its inflammatory microenvironment can result in discogenic pain, which has been shown to stem from the nucleus pulposus (NP). Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial related […]
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