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The paucity of medications with novel mechanisms for pain treatment combined with the severe adverse effects of opioid analgesics has led to an imperative pursuit of non-opioid analgesia and a […]
Learn More >Fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) occurs after knee joint surgery or during knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and causes persistent pain and limited mobility. Previous studies demonstrated that treating IFP […]
Learn More >Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the leading cause of low back pain (LBP) and disability in the elderly, imposing significant public health and economic burden worldwide. Meanwhile, the pathological mechanisms […]
Learn More >Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative multifactorial disease with concomitant structural, inflammatory, and metabolic changes that fluctuate in a temporal and patient-specific manner. This complexity has contributed to refractory responses to […]
Learn More >Endplate (EP) injury plays critical roles in painful IVD degeneration since Modic changes (MCs) are highly associated with pain. Models of EP microfracture that progress to painful conditions are needed […]
Learn More >Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and crippling joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone sclerosis, and synovitis. The main clinical manifestations of OA are chronic joint pain and impaired […]
Learn More >Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex disease characterized by chronic recurring eczema and pruritus. In addition, AD patients display increased cutaneous and systemic levels of oxidative damage markers, whose source […]
Learn More >Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease that is defined as the growth of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus, commonly on the lining of the pelvic cavity, visceral organs and in the […]
Learn More >Meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Despite being more effective against pain mediated by inflammation, it is associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal toxicity. In […]
Learn More >Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most potent pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in a wide range of autoinflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and degenerative diseases. Therefore, many researchers have focused on developing therapeutic […]
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