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Papers of the Week


2022 Sep 13


Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi


102


34

[Efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis with asthma as the first symptom].

Authors

Ou CX, Wu PH, Xie JX, Zhang XX, Ma JJ, Deng ZA, Yang XJ, Li Y, Yuan D, Xue LN, Dong C, Deng ZN, Zhang QL
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Sep 13; 102(34):2684-2689.
PMID: 36096695.

Abstract

To investigate the efficacy, and safety of omalizumab in the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatous with polyangiitis (EGPA) with asthma as the first symptom. The clinical characteristics of 22 EGPA patients with asthma as the first symptom treated with omalizumab in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The asthma control test (ACT) score, the frequency of asthma exacerbation (AE), the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS), the variation rate of peak expiratory flow (PEF), the percentage of PEF to predicted value of PEF (PEFpred%), the percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV) to predicted value of FEV (FEVpred%), the dosage of oral corticosteroid (OCS) and other clinical data [(, )] were collected before and after treatment, to observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of omalizumab. There were 22 subjects recruited in this study. The median age was 42 (22-70) years. Eleven of the patients were males. After treated with omalizumab for 4 months, there were 68.2%(15/21) of patients who responded to the treatment. In the response group (=15), the patients' ACT score increased from 19.0 (16.5, 21.0) to 23.0 (21.5, 24.0) (=0.001). The frequency of AE decreased from 0.7 (0.3, 1.0) to 0 (0, 0.7) per four mouths (<0.001). The BVAS decreased from 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) to 2.0 (2.0, 4.0) (=0.007). The variation rate of PEF decreased from 18.8% (14.0%, 27.7%) to 9.2% (6.8%, 11.9%) (=0.007). The PEFpred% increased from 80.8% (73.5%, 90.7%) to 100.5% (79.4%, 114.0%) (=0.005). The maintenance dosage of OCS reduced from 15.0 (10.0, 20.0) mg/d to 8.8 (5.0, 10.0) mg/d (=0.005). The level of baseline eosinophil in peripheral blood of patients in non-response group was higher than that in response group [11.4% (9.2%, 22.6%) vs 3.4% (1.1%, 6.5%), <0.05]. A total of 190 injections were performed in 22 patients, and only 4 patients (2.1%) had adverse reactions after a single injection of omalizumab, such as dizziness, swelling of injection site and pruritus. The adverse reactions were tolerable. Omalizumab has certain curative effect on EGPA, can reduce asthmatic symptoms and OCS maintenance dosage, and has a good safety profile. The rate of response to the treatment is higher in patients with mild eosinophilic inflammation.