Papers of the Week

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology with aberrant immunological responses leading to inflammation, swelling and pain of the joints. CD8 T cells have been known to be one of the major immune modulators in the progression of RA and the presence of toll-like receptors (TLRs) on these cells further accentuate their role in RA. Herein, we report an increased expression of TLR7 in the endosomes of CD8 T cells of RA patients correlating with disease severity. The stimulation of TLR7 with Imiquimod (IMQ) in these CD8 T cells drives the signalling cascade via NFkB and pERK activation and hence an increase in the mRNA transcripts of signature cytokines and cytolytic enzymes. However, a parallel synthesis of Tristetraprolin (TTP), an mRNA destabilizing protein prevents the translation of the mRNA transcripts, leading to a rapid degeneration of the target mRNA. We thus report that a direct TLR7 ligation by its agonist increases cytokine transcript signature but not an equivalent protein surge.