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Post-marketing data on coronavirus vaccines are limited. This study evaluated adverse reactions reported to a statewide hotline after the administration of a coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine.

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is an indirect or direct pain caused by somatic sensory nervous system dysfunction or primary injury, which is considered to be one of the most serious public health problems. This study aimed to investigate the role of adiposity-associated protein (FTO) in NPP.

The most common laparo-endoscopic groin hernia repair techniques are TEP (total extraperitoneal) and TAPP (transabdominal preperitoneal) repair. Despite geographic proximity, Swedish surgeons distinctively favour TEP, whereas Danish surgeons prefer TAPP. The aim of this study is to analyse the risk of reoperation for recurrence after TAPP, TEP and Lichtenstein repair using data from two nationwide registers. We also aim to discuss advantages of international collaboration between nationwide registers.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitys is a rare disorder characterized by subacute necrotizing regional lymphadenopathy. It is usually presented as painful cervical nodes and associated with fever, headache, night sweats, nausea, vomiting and sore throat. Etiology of KFD is still unclear, two theories have been proposed: infections and autoimmune origin. Due to recent reports of KFD related to COVID-19 vaccination, the novelty of the mechanism of these vaccines and the immunomodulated role of both matters, a literature and adverse event databases review was carried out in order to shed light on the relationship between these two matters. A search in the Spanish and the European adverse events databases (FEDRA and Eudravigilance) was performed. Search criteria were any drug and the diagnosis "Histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis" according to the Medical Dictionary for Medical Activities version 25.0. All adverse events registered as June 2, 2022, were included. FEDRA encompassed two KFD reports, one related to a mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Eudravigilance included a total of 62 KFD cases, 14 of them associated to COVID-19 vaccines and eight to other vaccines. Pharmacovigilance is of utter importance in detecting adverse events caused by new vaccines. More research is needed to establish a final connection between KFD and COVD-19 vaccines, but due to the physiopathology of the condition, how vaccines stimulate the immune system and the high number of reported KFD cases with vaccines given its rare incidence, it is plausible to think that both entities are related.

Systematic review.

Blocking increased expression of nerve injury-specific long non-coding RNA (NIS-lncRNA) in injured dorsal root ganglia (DRG) through DRG microinjection of NIS-lncRNA small hairpin interfering RNA or generation of NIS-lncRNA knockdown mice mitigates neuropathic pain. However, these strategies are impractical in the clinic. This study employed a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antisense oligonucleotides strategy to examine the effect of NIS-lncRNA ASOs on neuropathic pain.

Pain sensitization is a phenomenon that occurs to protect tissues from damage and recent studies have shown how a variety of non-noxious stimuli included in our everyday lives can lead to pain sensitization Consumption of large amounts of alcohol over a long period of time invokes alcohol use disorder (AUD), a complex pathological state that has many manifestations, including alcohol peripheral neuropathy (neuropathic pain). We asked if 'non-pathological' alcohol consumption can cause pain sensitization in the absence of other pathology? Studies have pointed to glia and other immune cells and their role in pain sensitization that results in cell and sex-specific responses (Wang et al., 2010; Obad et al., 2018). Using a low-dose and short-term ethanol exposure model, we investigated whether this exposure would sensitize mice to a subthreshold dose of an inflammatory mediator that normally does not induce pain, or cause hypersensitivity. We observed female mice exhibited specific mechanical and higher thermal sensitivity than males. We also observed an increase in CD68 macrophages in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and Iba1 microglia in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn of animals that were exposed to ethanol and injected with subthreshold prostaglandin E2. Our findings suggest that short-term ethanol exposure stimulates peripheral and central, immune, and glial activation, respectively to induce pain sensitization. This work begins to reveal a possible mechanism behind the development of alcoholic peripheral neuropathy.

Photobiomodulation therapy (PTB) is a therapeutic possibility for temporomandibular disorders (TMD), but its effectiveness and protocols for use remain controversial. This study is a RCT that compared the effectiveness of PTB on pain points of the masticatory muscles and TMJs, located through palpation versus application of pre-established points in women with painful TMD, diagnosis by DC/TMD (Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders – Brazilian Portuguese version). Therefore, a total sample of 54 women, aged between 18 and 60 years, was investigated. Volunteers were randomly randomized and PTB was applied in four different groups with a dose of 4 J and 6 J divided into pre-established application points (PE – G1) and pain points (PD – G2) – Groups 4PE, 4PD, 6PE and 6PD. Four laser applications were performed with a wavelength of 780 nm, one session per week, totaling one month of therapy. The following assessments were performed: DC/TMD, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), McGill Questionnaire – Short Version (SF-MPQ) and Pain Intensity, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Friedman's test was used for within-group comparisons, while the Mann-Whitney test was used for between-group comparisons (p < 0.05). According to the results, laser application on pain points (G2) was more effective. McGill's results showed that regardless of dose, the pain point application group had better outcomes (p = 0.004). Pain intensity evaluation (last days) also showed that application at the pain points was more effective regardless of dose (p = 0.0002). Medians and interquartile deviations showed overall that PTB was more effective at pain points, with a trend towards better outcomes at the 6 J dose. Therefore, it can be concluded that in women with chronic painful TMD, the application of PTB at pain points is more effective than the application at pre-established points. Therefore, individualized PTB protocols are proposed, based on examination palpation of the masticatory structures.

What is the central question of this study? Peritoneal injury can result in a persistent fibroproliferative process in the abdominal cavity, causing pain and loss of function of internal organs. This study aimed to demonstrate the use of sodium butyrate (NaBu) as a potential agent to attenuate peritoneal fibrosis induced by a synthetic matrix. What is the main finding and its importance? Our findings provide the first evidence that NaBu attenuates the inflammatory, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis axes involved in the formation of peritoneal fibrovascular tissue, indicating the potential of this compound to ameliorate peritoneal fibrosis.

To describe evidence of migraine-associated tinnitus and hearing loss.