Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Authors
León-González R, Ortolá R, Carballo-Casla A, Sotos-Prieto M, Buño-Soto A, Rodríguez-Sánchez I, Pastor-Barriuso R, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, García-Esquinas E
Abstract
It is unknown whether growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) and whether or not its association with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) changes according to CMP status.
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