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Papers of the Week


2020


F1000Res


9

Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors

Mutiawati E, Syahrul S, Fahriani M, Fajar J K, Mamada SS, Maliga H A, Samsu N, Ilmawan M, Purnamasari Y, Asmiragani A A, Ichsan I, Emran T B, Rabaan AA, Masyeni S, Nainu F, Harapan H
F1000Res. 2020; 9:1316.
PMID: 33953911.

Abstract

: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19. : Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2 , 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases. : We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients with symptoms of other respiratory viral infections, OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04. : Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache  emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms. : CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020).