- Anniversary
- Membership
- Publications
- Resources
- Education
- Events
- Advocacy
- Careers
- About
- For Pain Patients and Professionals
The goal of this study was to compare the effects of ibuprofen and low-level laser therapy in alleviating orthodontic pain observed after elastomeric separator placement (ESP) by means of the analysis of interleukin 1‑beta (IL-1β) and substance P (SP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and visual analog scale (VAS).