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The proportion of recurrences in the total collective of all incisional hernias has been reported to be around 25%. In the European Hernia Society (EHS) classification, recurrent incisional hernias are assigned to a unique prognostic group and considered as complex abdominal wall hernias. Surgical repairs are characterized by dense adhesions, flawed anatomical planes caused by previous dissection or mesh use, and device-related complications. To date, only relatively small case series have been published focusing on outcomes following recurrent incisional hernia repair. This cohort study now analyzes the outcome of recurrent incisional hernia repair assessing potential risk factors based on data from the Herniamed registry. Special attention is paid to the technique used during the primary incisional hernia repair, since laparoscopic IPOM was recently deemed to cause more complications during subsequent repairs.