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G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) was proved the specific estrogen receptor relating to mechanical hyperalgesia. Studies have shown that the GABA receptor subunits α4, β1, and δ in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons promote the descending facilitation system. This study inquired into whether and how GPR30 and GABA-α4β1δ in the PAG promote preoperative anxiety-induced postoperative hyperalgesia in female rats.