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Psychological pain responses in athletes and non-athletes with low back pain: avoidance and endurance matter.
Abstract
Dysfunctional psychological pain responses, namely fear-avoidance (FAR), including catastrophizing and helplessness, as well as endurance-related responses (ER), including thought suppression and overactivity have been shown to be risk factors for persistent low back pain (LBP). Literature suggests that athletes may differ from non-athletes regarding psychological responses to pain.