Pre-Implementation Formative Evaluation of Co-Operative Pain Education and Self-Management (COPES) Expanding Treatment for Real-World Access (ExTRA): A Pragmatic Pain Trial.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain (CBT-CP) is an evidence-based treatment for improving functioning and pain intensity for people with chronic pain with extensive evidence of effectiveness. However, there has been relatively little investigation of the factors associated with successful implementation and uptake of CBT-CP, particularly clinician and system level factors. This formative evaluation examined barriers and facilitators to the successful implementation and uptake of CBT-CP from the perspective of CBT-CP clinicians and referring primary care clinicians.