Rejected

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a very common disease. As a consequence of the ageing society, osteoarthritis prevalence will further increase. Age itself, trauma, unequal load distribution and overweight are risk factors. Cellular senescence and overweight have been in the focus of scientific interest for the last few years. Both risk factors are able to facilitate joint inflammation, independent of a mechanical approach. Senescent chondrocytes as well as adipocytes can produce increased amounts of inflammatory cytokines. Cornerstones of the therapy are patient education including information on the character/course of the disease and intentional weight loss. Although NSAIDs can be recommended as analgesics, their contraindications limit the widespread use. Alternatively, acetaminophen or low-potency opioids such as tramadol might be considered. Topical NSAIDs and intraarticular glucocorticoid injections can be helpful in pain reduction particularly in knee osteoarthritis. There is still no general recommendation for nutritional supplements including chondroitin or glycosaminoglycan, but they might be considered as an accompanying therapy. With the current non-approval of the nerve growth factor (NGF)-antibody tanezumab, a new therapeutical option for OA suffered a setback. Unfortunately, the results of the phase 2 study on the Wnt inhibitor lorecivivint are barely encouraging. However, the results of the according phase 3 study are eagerly awaited.

Production of affordable coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in low- and middle-income countries is needed. NDV-HXP-S is an inactivated egg-based recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine expressing the spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It's being developed by public sector manufacturers in Thailand, Vietnam, and Brazil; herein are initial results from Thailand.

A 48-year-old woman who was diagnosed with Turner syndrome in her childhood presented with sudden onset of low back pain and respiratory discomfort. Contrast enhanced computed tomography scan revealed Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC). Emergency ascending aortic replacement was performed. After cardiopulmonary bypass was established through cannulating right femoral artery and right superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, another venous cannula was directly placed into the left superior vena cava. After core cooling, the right atrium was incised for retrograde cardioplegia. At a tympanic temperature of 25 ℃, circulatory arrest was started and retrograde cerebral perfusion was performed through right and left superior vena cava. Her postoperative course was uneventful.

Gynecologic surgery encompasses over a quarter of inpatient surgical procedures for US women, and current projections estimate an increase of the US female population by nearly 50% in 2050. Over the last decade, US hospitals have embraced enhanced recovery pathways in many specialties. They have increasingly been used in multiple institutions worldwide, becoming the standard of care for patient optimization. According to the last updated enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guideline published in 2019, there are several new considerations behind each practice in ERAS protocols. This article discusses the most updated evidence regarding ERAS programs for gynecologic surgery.

Patients who have suffered a chronic cerebrovascular accident or a stroke need long-term physiotherapy treatments. However, they have had to be stopped due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To be able to offer these patients an online functional assessment, a proposal was put forward to design an adaptation of the Spanish version of the Fugl Meyer assessment scale and to test its viability.

To report the rare presentation of orbital compartment syndrome secondary to formation of carotid cavernous fistula in the absence of trauma or surgery and demonstrate the role of emergent canthotomy/cantholysis as a vision saving procedure.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an inflammatory arthritis of childhood that can lead to pain and dysfunction of the hands. In severe progressive cases, in which medical treatment does not result in symptom improvement, limited options are available. Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint arthroplasty remains a standard surgical treatment for inflammatory arthritis of the MCPmetacarpophalangeal joints in adults; however, no reports exist about its use in children or for JIA.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) occurs as a result of compression of the celiac artery by a fibrous band called the median ligament, which originates from the diaphragmatic crus. The prevalence of MALS has been reported as 10-24% among patients. The etiology is not clear. The components of the clinical triad are a chronic post-prandial pain, epigastric murmur and weight loss. Diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological findings. MALS has been reported in a small portion of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Most of the patients have been diagnosed prior to surgery.

The importance of using effective postoperative analgesia is widely accepted. Systemic opioids are the gold standard for reducing severe pain after surgery, but the side effects have limited the use of adequate doses. We aimed to evaluate the effect of adding intravenous acetaminophen and intravenous ibuprofen to fentanyl on patient-controlled analgesia.

The opioid epidemic is a multifactorial issue, which includes pain mismanagement. Resident physician education is essential in addressing this issue. We aimed to analyze the effects of an educational intervention on the knowledge and potential prescribing habits of emergency medicine (EM), general surgery (GS), and internal medicine residents (IM).